162 DISEASES OF THI HORSE. 
exertion, change of water, over-doses of cathartic medi- 
cine, ete. 
Treatment.—Give one of the following powders every 
six hours until the bowels are checked: Powdered opi- 
um,. one drachm; powdered catechu, two drachms ; 
prepared chalk, one ounce; mix and divide into four 
powders. 
COLIC. 
This disease—known also as gripes, cramp, and fret— 
is either spasmodic or flatulent. Spasmodic colic is a 
spasmodic contraction of the muscular coats of the in- 
testines, causing griping pains, etc., (see inflammation 
of bowels.) Flatulent colic is an accumulation of gas 
in the stomach and intestines, generated by fermenta- 
tion in the stomach, causing swelling of the abdomen, 
and sometimes rupture of the stomach. 
Treatment.—F or spasmodic colic, give one ounce tinc- 
ture opium and one ounce sulphuric ether in half a pint 
of water; this should be repeated in half an hour if re- 
lief is not obtained. Or, give the following: Tincture 
of opium, one ounce ; aromatic spirits of ammonia, half 
an ounce; extract of belladonna, one drachm ; water, one 
pint; mix. In flatulent colic give chlorate of potash, one 
half ounce; sulphuric ether, one half ounce; tincture of 
aloes, three ounces ; water, one pint; mix and drench. 
WORMS. 
Thousands of animals die annually from the ravages 
of these pests, without the true cause being suspected ; 
especially is this the case in the young of the mare, cow, 
sheep, and pig. Many varieties of these parasites belong 
to our domestic animals which have not been mentioned 
by veterinary writers ; they are found in every tissue 
of the body, even i the blood. The symptoms of 
