33. 
THE HORNBEAM. 
Carpinus betulus. 
Puate 4, Fira. 13. 
2-8 tORN BEAM, if translated into ‘Hard 
> Tree,’ will at once describe the tex- 
ture of the wood of this species, 
and give the reason for the origi- 
nation of its common name. Its 
wood is, indeed, very close-grained, 
j hard, horny, and tenacious. It grows to a 
al height sometimes of seventy feet, though 
~ it is ordinarily found smaller. A deciduous 
Tree, with persistent retention of withered foliage 
on its young branches during the winter, as in the 
case of the Beech, it bears leaves, too, which, in 
their general character, bear some resemblance to 
