ILLUSTRATIONS. 



PLATES. 



Pag& 



Plate I. Hairy and downy woodpeckers Frontispiece. 



II . Yellow-bellied sapsucker 32 



III. Red -headed woodpecker 32 



IV. California woodpecker 40 



V. Lewis woodpecker 40 



VI. Flicker 48 



TEXT FIGURES, 



Fig. 1. Tongues of woodpeckers 8 



2. Special development of tongues of woodpeckers 8 



3. Wood from which woodpecker has extracted insect 9 



