320 



CASSELL'S POPULAR GARDENING. 



The so-called fern-leaved varieties (jfiUcifolia) and 

 fimbriated strains — white and red — are the most 

 valued. Among other of the finer strains are — 



THE HAEDY FEUIT GAEDEK 



Bt D. T. Fish, assisted bt William Cakmichael. 



Alba magnifloa. 

 Braid's Seedling. 

 Chiswick iied. 

 Cocciuea. 

 Improvement. 



IHarginata. 

 Meteor. 

 Scarlet Gem. 

 Swanley Giant. 

 "Wliite Perfection. 



Doubles. 



Gandidissima. 

 l>uke of Edinburgh. 

 King of Purples. 



MaguifLca. 

 Marchioness of Exeter, 



Miss Eva Fish. 

 Peach Blossom. 

 Princess of V\ ales, 

 &c. &c. 



The doubles are specially valuable for bouquets, 

 wreaths, and all decorative 

 purposes, from their lasting 

 properties. 



Psammisia, — Hand- 

 some Vaccineaceous shrubs. 

 Treatment same as for 

 Ceratostema, which see. 



F. Sookeriana. — A hand- 

 some species, which has 

 been distributed under the 

 name of Thibaudia pichin- 

 ehensis, var. glabra; the 

 branches are angular and 

 smooth, ovate - lanceolate, 

 and dark green ; racemes 

 many-flowered, drooping, 

 deep rosy- red. Summer 

 months. From Columbia. 



F. longicolla. — 

 Leaves large, 

 ovate - lanceolate, 

 and tapering to a 

 long point, thick 

 and leathery in 

 texture, deep 

 green ; racemes 

 axillary, many - 



flowered, pendulous ; flowers tubular, swollen at the 

 base, which is deep crimson ; upper part of itube much 

 contracted and yellowish-green. South America. 



P. pmduUflora. — An erect evergreen plant, with 

 long, broadly-ovate, entire leaves, which suddenly 

 taper to a point, deep green above, paler below ; 

 racemes axillary, many-flowered, and pendulous; 

 flowers' tubular, stoutest at the base, rich vermilion, 

 tipped with yellowish-green. Caraccas. 



-P. selerophylla. — A somewhat stout-growing plant, 

 with ovate entire leaves, which in the young state 

 are tinged with red, changing with age to deep 

 green ; racemes axillary ; flowers large, drooping ; 

 tubes swollen at the base, rich crimson, tipped with 

 yellow' and creamy-white. New Grenada. 



Fig. 2 Crab Stock. 



APPLES—PRUmNG AND FORMING. 



THOUGH the practice of forcing Apple and other 

 fruit-trees into form at the edge or point of the 

 knife is giving place to the more rational one of 

 moulding growth into shape in the making, yet all 

 pruning and training is so closely correlated in the 

 early life of fruit-trees, that it will be best to treat 

 the two abreast. 



Soot and Top. — AH the modem stocks, such 

 as those of the Creeping 

 Apples, Nonsuch, English 

 and French Paradise — 

 notably the two last — ■ 

 differ materially from the 

 wilding Crab of the woods 

 in the character and num- 

 ber of their roots. The 

 latter roots more like a 

 Blackthorn or wilding 

 Rose than almost any other 

 plant. 



Work them upon fibrous- 

 rooted stocke, and the roots 

 will dwarf the tops, and 

 also favour fertility. Figs. 

 2 and 3 will make this clear. 

 The first represents the 

 root of a crab ; the second, 

 that of the Para- 

 dise Apple stock. 

 The Paradise and 

 other stocks run 

 naturally into fib- 

 rous growths ; but 

 this tendency may 

 be further devel- 

 oped by treatment, 

 while even the roots of Crabs may be led into fibrous 

 forms by pruning and culture. 



Root-pruning, — So important and close is the 

 connection between a fibrous condition of root in the 

 Apple and other fruit-trees, and dwarfing character 

 and fertile habits of top, that root-pruning should 

 precede top-pruning. From the time the stocks are 

 moved from the nursery beds or rows until the Apples, 

 after one or several removes, are planted in their final 

 quarters in the orchard or fruit garden, the trees have 

 perforce been subjected to a series of root-prunings. 



In addition, however, to those forcible ruptures 

 and removals, it was left for modern pomologists to 

 discover the enormous advantages of direct and special 



Fig. 3.— Paradise Stock. 



