4 
as all queens not up to the high standard required are 
destroyed, these queens can be absolutely relied on and 
will be replaced in the unlikely event of being unsatisfactory 
in any respect. 
Four classes of Queen are offered : — 
I. Virgin Queens produced under the best possible 
conditions emerging from cells placed in cages a few hours 
before. It is well known that queens which emerge from 
caged cells are not of so high quality as those emerging 
in nuclei. Virgin queens can therefore be supplied from 
nuclei at a slight extra charge. 
II. Untested mated Queens, produced in very 
strong stocks and allowed to emerge in the mating nuclei. 
These are of very high quality. 
III. Select Untested Queens: selected from the 
above for color, size, and laying capacity in the small 
mating nuclei. These queens are very much superior to 
those usually obtained in this country or from abroad. 
IV. Select Tested Queens suitable for use as 
Breeders. 
These are carefully selected throughout the whole 
development from the grafted queen cups and only excep- 
tionally fine queen cells are set aside for these queens. 
The cells are placed in strong nuclei on standard frames a 
few hours before the queens emerge. The young queens 
are carefully examined for size and color as soon as they 
emerge, and are allowed to remain in the nuclei, after 
mating, until the color of their progeny indicates purity 
of mating. This necessitates the keeping of these choice 
queens in the mating nuclei for a period of 21 to 30 days, 
and during this time the evenness of egg laying and pro- 
lificacy of the queens are carefully tested. 
After this careful selection the queens shipped as 
Breeders can be relied on as the best it is possible to obtain 
from any source, and they are now generally recognised 
as such. Before shipment of these queens, the nuclei 
containing them are gradually reduced in size, so as to 
slowly lessen the egg laying of the queens and ensure 
safety in travelling. 
