22 



other material are sometimes used also as traps for in- 

 sects whicli leave trees for pupation among rubbish on 

 the ground. Such larvas often collect under these bands 

 in large numbers, even those which let themselves down 

 from the branches by means of their silken threads 

 returning in considerable numbers to the trnnk to un- 

 dergo their changes. This habit, it has been claimed, 

 explains the fact that when several bands are used at 

 different heights on the same tree, the lower generally 

 harbors the most insects. 



Some insects, as for example the elm leaf-beetle of the 

 eastern states, will not stop under bands, their habit 

 being to undergo their changes under rubbish, or in the 

 ground. A box with a cement bottom, enclosing the 

 base of the tree and a wide strip of tin covered with tar 

 or other adhesive substance tacked to its upper edges 

 effectually confines such pests and renders their destruc- 

 tion easy. The box is I believe a device first employed 

 by the entomologist Townend Glover. 



In the special matter following I have included only 

 the notable insects which injure shade trees in Kentucky. 

 Those mentioned do the greater part of the mischief from 

 which our trees suffer during ordinary seasons. A large 

 list could be given of other species which frequent 

 shade trees for one purpose or another, some injurious in 

 their tendency, some beneficial, some as far as we know 

 neither one nor the other. It could only encuml^er a 

 paper of the character of the present one to include these 

 insects, which may therefore be left until they show 

 themselves entitled to attention. 



