24 



tember and first half of October, the last to change to a 

 pupa being observed preparing for the change October 

 19. These examples began to appear as adult moths 

 February 18, 1892, and continued to come out at inter- 

 vals until April 2. 



The species does not hibernate in all cases in the pupa 

 state, some examples of the moth coming up from the 

 ground in the fall and hibernating in this condition. 

 During the season of 1893 examples which were noted as 

 changing rapidly to pupae on August 2, yielded two adults, 

 one on the 13th and the other on the 16th of September, 

 the remainder of the colony continuing in the pupa 

 state. 



The eggs of the brood are placed on the leaves as soon 

 as the latter develop, and during June the webs may be 

 found, though they seem never to become so common at 

 this season as they do later. 



The worms may be found in such webs until the first 

 of July, when most of them leave to undergo the next 

 change in the ground. Examples kept by me began to 

 change on July 8, and the moths began to come out of 

 the earth July 15. On the 28th of July the female moths 

 were observed placing their eggs on leaves of elms for the 

 second brood. 



During the year 1890 this pest was especially abund- 

 ant and injurious in Kentucky, as the following quota- 

 tion from notes made by me on September 4 will show : 

 Very abundant on a variety of trees, including osage- 

 orange, elm, maple, honey-locust, and black locust, and 

 has done a good deal of damage during the dry spell just 

 passed. Some of the smaller trees are completely 

 stripped of leaves, not the slightest trace of green being 

 visible. Most of the worms are fully grown and are 

 leaving the trees for the ground, or for other vegetation, 

 in the latter case taking to weeds and almost anything 



