44 



injure the leaves in the same way, viz. by gnawing, it is 

 not necessary to give a separate account of them at pres- 

 ent. 



They can be destroyed by spraying with Paris green. 



The Elm Borer. 



{Saperda tridentata). 



In the latter part of June, 1892, my atten- 

 tion was called to a diseased condition of elm 

 trees about the streets of Frankfort, the nature 

 of which was not apparent, though it was sup- 

 posed to be due to the attacks of insects. On 

 June 27 I made a visit to Frankfort lor the pur- 

 pose of examining the trees, and found that 

 Pig. iz The some valuable elms were dying, and that sev- 

 grub. The eral others were already dead. The affected 

 i^?^^f*fie^ trees were among the largest and finest in the 

 ure shows city. All tho^e examined were American 

 al size. elms {Ulm.us americana). The trouble was 

 said to be new to the locality, but appeared to be-making 

 rapid headway. Examination of the dead and dying 

 trees showed that their condition was not due to injury 

 by leaf-eating insects, for the foliage remained un- 

 touched. An examination of affected trees which still 

 retained many green leaves showed that the bark was 

 unsound in places near the base of the trunk, but most of 

 the insects under such bark were common species known 

 to feed on dead wood everywhere. From burrows under 

 some of this bark, however, a borer was obtained which 

 belongs to tlie species the name of which heads this par- 

 agraph. The number pi'esent did not seem to me suffi- 

 cient to account for tiie death of the trees. In fact, on one 

 of those almost dead, the inner bark, though discolored, 

 was intact, and no trace of insects could be found about 

 it. Such insects, however, may begin their attack on the 



