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larvae or pupae could be found, though the pupal skins 

 were common in the burrows, showing that the beetles 

 had recently matured. Beetles of this brood place their 

 eggs -in burrows under the bark during April and May, 

 and then disappear. The grubs hatching from these ma- 

 ture during the summer and place eggs for another brood, 

 which is in turn matured in the fall and winter months.. 

 The beetles found by us in February belonged to this 

 brood, and were evidently only waiting for mild weather 

 when they would have escaped and deposited their eggs. 



I am disposed to think that this beetle attacks trees 

 only when their vitality is already low, from the effects 

 of drought, unfavorable situation, or the attacks of other 

 pests. However this may be, it sometimes completes the 

 destruction of valuable trees, suffering from what would 

 otherwise have been only a temporary weakness. 



Trees in a dying condition from attacks of such borers 

 should be promptly cut down and burned, care being 

 taken to destroy all the bark and larger branches. Borers 

 of this sort have been known to be desseminated among 

 trees of a neighborhood from the lumber and logs about 

 saw mills. Dead and dying trees infested with borers 

 are even more to be feared as centers of dissemination of 

 pests. They can be burned to best advantage in winter, 

 since the beetles are dormant at this season, under the 

 bark. During spring and in mid-summer they are 

 abroad finding places to deposit their eggs, and hence 

 burning at these times could not be expected to do so 

 much good. Coating trees liable to attack with white- 

 wash to which some Paris green has been added is a 

 treatment I have sometimes recommended as a means of 

 deterring the beetles from boring into the bark to place 

 their eggs. To be effectiA'e such treatment should be 

 employed very early in spring before the beetles leave 



