19 



eggs hatch, that applications may be made to prevent the setting of 

 the young. These applications may consist of fish oil soap mixtures, 

 one pound to four gallons of water or of oil emulsions. It is im- 

 possible to say definitely just when spraying should be done; that will 

 vary with the season and the year. It will be necessary to watch 

 during the early part of June, to note the first appearance of moving 

 larvae, and as all the eggs hatch at about one time, a single application 

 will generally be all that is needed. There is a period of about a 

 week from the time of hatching, during which the scale covering is not- 

 dense enough to oft'er much resistance, when proper insecticides are 

 most likely to be effective. 



In a general way, this insect seems to be more troublesome in the 

 northern parts of the State than in the south, although even in the 

 south willows and poplars are sometimes very badly infested. 



THE SCURFY SCALE. 



Chionaspis furfiirus. Fitch. 



This scurfy scale, or "Harris Louse," is much broader than the 

 preceding, very light gray in color and much thinner in texture. 

 The cast larval skins are at the 

 narrow end of the scale, and in 

 general the life history is much 

 like that of the preceding spe- 

 cies. These larvse also hatch 

 during the early days of June, 

 but are orange in color. The 

 male scales are comparatively 

 very small, narrow and almost 

 white. The eggs are developed 

 In September and are deep 

 purplish-brown, varying from 

 twenty to eighty in number, 

 sixty being, perhaps, an aver- 

 age. Of the shade trees, poplar 

 is most frequently infested, and 

 in tie garden currants among the small fruits suffer most. Among 

 the fruits pear is most usually infested, apple coming next, and among 

 the shrubs Cratcegus is the usual host. There is only one brood in 

 this State, and the winter is passed in the egg stage. 



» 3 



Fig. 10. 



, twig sbowing female scales; 

 b, same, with male scales; c, female, and 

 dt male scale enlarged. From 

 Howard, V. 3. Dept. Agl. 



The scurfy scale : 



