The female looks entirely different; is without wings; somewhat 

 slug-like, and consists principally of an abdomen distended with eggs. 

 When she emerges from the pupa she crawls upon her cocoon, where 

 she is found by the male, and to which she clings, almost motionless, 

 for the balance of her life. Egg-laying begins soon after impreg- 

 nation, the eggs being laid upon the old cocoon and covered with a 

 frothy mass, which soon becomes hard, brittle, and is then snow-white. 

 From this egg mass a second brood of caterpillars hatches in July 

 and the life cycle is repeated, the second lot of adults appearing in 



c 



Fig. 19. 



The while-marked tussock moth : a, the wingless female ovipositing on the empty cocoon ; 



6, yonng caterpillar sospended by a silken cord ; c, pupa of the female ; d, pupa 



of the male ; e, male adult or moth. After Biley. 



September. The eggs laid at that time remain unhatched during the 

 winter, and as the masses become wet and covered by dust, they grad- 

 ually change to dirty gray or brown, losing their conspicuous char- 

 acter. 



It should be especially noted that the female is wingless; that she 

 does not move from the place where she hatches, and that the only 

 period in which the insects spread from one tree to another is in the 

 larval stage, when either a mature caterpillar, in its wanderings in 

 search for a place to pupate, climbs up the trunk, or when from some 

 egg mass in the vicinity the young find their way to it. 



RemedlBl Measures. 



Whenever this insect appears in the garden, pick off the egg masses 

 during the winter ; they are readily seen and the task is not difficult. 

 On shade trees the same method should be adopted wherever possible, 

 and even a single tree may be kept clean in this way, provided the 

 branches do not intermingle with those of another that is infested. 



