92 DISEASES OP CATTLE. 



coughing, difficult and noisy respiration. The nostrils are dilated, 

 the nose extended, and the animal has a frightened expression. 

 There is marked difliculty in swallowing. 



Treatment. — Treatment consists of ff»mentations and hot applica- 

 tions over the throat. Stimulating liniments, mustard mixed with 

 cold water and well rubbed in with a stiff brush, or other forms of 

 counterirritation may he applied in severe cases. Hot inhalations 

 should be frequently resorted to, and often afford much relief to the 

 suffering animal. In this disease medicines should be given so far as 

 possible in the form of electuaries (soft solid) on account of the diffi- 

 culty of deglutition. Large drafts of medicines ha\-e a tendency to 

 produce violent spells of coughing, and in this way retard recovery. 

 The subjoined formula for an electuary will be found to answer the 

 purpose in ordinary cases: Chlorate of potassium, pulverized, 8 

 ounces; fluid extract of Ijelladonna, 2 ounces; powdered opium, 1 

 ounce; powdered licorice root, 8 ounces; sirup, sufficient ciuantity; 

 mix. Place a small tablespoonful of the mixture frequently on the 

 tongue or back teeth. Or the following may be used instead: Aloes, 

 powdered opium, and gum camphor in equal parts; mix. Eub an 

 ounce on the molar teeth every four or five hours. The bowels should 

 be kept open and the diet should be such as the patient can easily 

 swallow. AVarm, slopi^^^ mashes, boiled oatmeal gruel, linseed tea, 

 and the like are the most suitable substances. If suffocation be 

 threatened during the course of the disease, tracheotomy should be 

 performed without delay. The details of the operation are fully 

 described imder the head of '" Surgical operations.'" (See p. lisi.) 



When the disease assumes a chronic form, strong counterirritation 

 is indicated. A cantharides blister may be applied, or the following 

 ointment used: Biniodid of mercury 1 part, lard 6 parts; mix. In 

 some cases it will be found necessary to repeat the application. 



BRONCHITIS. 



Bronchitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the 

 lironchial tubes. "When a primary disease, it is generally the result 

 of what is commonly Iviiown as " catching cold." It mav be sec- 

 ondary to or complicated with many of the diseases of the respiratorv 

 system. It may also be caused by breathing irritating gases or by 

 the introduction of foreign bodies into the bronchial tubes which 

 sometimes results from injudicious and ca;-eless drenching when the 

 lai'ynx is temporarily relaxed. It may be acute or chronic, and is 

 divided, according to the seat of the inflammation, into bronchitis 

 proper when the large tubes are afl^ected, or capillary bronchitis when 

 the trouble is in the smaller ones. 



Siimjifoins. — Loss of appetite, elevation of temperature, generally 

 104° or 105° F. The inspiration is incomplete, short, and painful 



