104 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



when it is seen to persist the medicine should be stopped and the ani- 

 nial fattened for butchering. 



Post-mortem exaiuiiiations disco\er congestion of tlie brain and its 

 membranes. In those cases wliicli have exliibited muclr i^aralysis of 

 the hind legs before deatli the cord may be congested in the lumbar 

 region (loins). A\'hen the disease has been caused by injury to the 

 head, the congestion and extravasated blood may be found inside of 

 the cavity in the location corresponding to the place where the injury 

 was inflicted externally. In some cases pus is also discovered. It 

 remains to be said that in all animals that have died from this affec- 

 tion the lungs are found very much congested. This may lead the 

 superficial observer to suppose that the disease Avas a lung affection, 

 but in fact it is only a natural consequence when death ensues from 

 brain disease. 



APOPLEXY. 



That form of congestion of the brain known as parturient apo- 

 plexy, or parturient paresis, which is so frequently associated with 

 the period of calving is described in another part of this work. (See 

 "Milk fever," p. 224.) 



Cer-ebral apoplexy, not connected with parturition, is a rare disease 

 among cattle. However, it may be due to degeneration and conse- 

 ([uent rupture of a blood vessel in the brain. 



The attack is sudden, the animal in most cases falling as if it had 

 received a blow on the head. It may stagger and reel some time 

 before going down. After falling, there are convulsive movements 

 of the legs or the animal sinks into insensibility. There may be re- 

 missions in the severity of the symptoms, but the pressui-e from the 

 continued escape of blood soon causes death. Rest, rjuiet, friction 

 to the legs and surface, frequent turning <if the animal and cold to 

 the head are to be practiced, if treatment is attempted. 



CONGESTION OF THE BRAIN. 



There is a form of congestive apoplexy affecting cattle which are 

 in a plethoric condition. The congestion, or overfilling with blood 

 causes pressure on the brain substance and disorganizes its function. 

 It occurs mostly in hot weather. In this disease the symptoms are 

 somewhat similar to those exhibited when the animal has enceph- 

 alitis, but the onset is more sudden, the duration is shorter, and 

 there is less fever. There may be frenzy or coma, or alternations one 

 with the other. The intelligence is diminished, staring eyes, bracin^ 

 with the legs, pressing against the stall partition or manger, red 

 mucous membranes. This condition usually terminates in recovery. 



In such cases bleeding should be resorted to immediatelv, and 

 when the power of swallowing is not lost purgatives should be ad- 



