198 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



warct, and if the forefeet and head can be secured it will be a natural 

 anterior presentation, with the back of the calf turned upward 

 toward the rump of the cow. 



The womb should Ik; injei'ted with warm water or oil, and the turn- 

 ing of the calf will demand the combined action of the repeller and 

 the hand, but in all such cases the operator has an advantage that the 

 body of the fetus is wholly within the body of the womb, and there- 

 fore movable with comparative ease. No part is wedged into the 

 pelvic passages as a complication. The general principles are the 

 same as in faulty presentation fore and hind, and no time should be 

 lost in making the manipulations necessiu-y to bring the feet into the 

 pelvis, lest they get in bent or otherwise displaced and add unneces- 

 sary complications. 



With a traverse direction of the calf, the head being turned to 

 one side, the pressure must be directed laterally, so that the body 

 will glide around on one side of the womb, and the extremities when 

 reached must be promptly seized and brought into the passages. 

 Sometimes a fortunate struggle of a live fetus will greatly aid in rec- 

 tifying the position. 



Breast and ahdonwn presented — ATI four feet in the passages. — In 

 this form the calf lies across the womb with its roached back turned 

 forward and its belly toward the pelvis. All four feet may be ex- 

 tended and engaged in the passages, or one or more may be bent on 

 themselves so as to lie in front of the pelvis. The head, too, may 

 usually be felt on the right side or the left, and if detected it serves to 

 identify the exact position of the fetus. The position may further be 

 decided upon by examination of the feet and limbs. With the limbs 

 extended the front of the hoofs and the convex aspect of the bent 

 pasterns and fetlocks will look toward that flank in which lie the 

 head and shoulders. On examination still higher the smooth, even 

 outline of the knee and its bend, looking toward the hind parts, 

 characterize the fore limb, while the sharp prominence of the point 

 of the hock and the bend on the opposite side of the joint, looking 

 toward the head, indicate the hind limb. (PI. XVII, fig. 5.) 



The remedy of this condition is to be sought in repelling into the 

 womb those limbs that are least eligible for extraction, and In-inginc 

 into the passages the most eligible extremities. The most eligible will 

 usually be those which project farthest into the passages, indicatino' 

 the nearer proximity of that end of the calf. An exception mav, 

 however, be made in favor of that extremity which will give the most 

 natural presentation. Thus if, owing to obliquity in the position of 

 the fetus, the hind extremities promised a presentation -with the back 

 of the fetus turned down tov ard the udder, and the anterior extremi- 

 ties one with the back turned up toward the sjune, the latter should 

 be selected. Again, if the choice for the two extremities is evenly 



