310 DISEASES OP CATTLE. 



These connective tissue tumors grow slowly but reach enormous 

 size. They sometimes follow injuries to the region of the throat and 

 form there as hard, firm growth, even reaching the size of a child's 

 head. 



A fibroma upon the larynx is not an infrequent occurrence in the 

 ox. These tumors are always sharply outlined and have a roughened 

 surface. They may be differentiated from actinomycotic tumors (see 

 chapter on " Infectious diseases of cattle," p. 356) in the same location 

 by their firm, fibrous structure and by the absence of pus from the 

 interior. 



A tumor is sometimes seen upon the muzzle of cattle, which assumes 

 a diameter equaling the width of the muzzle. It is a voluminous con- 

 nective tissue formation known by the name of " fibroma diffusum." 



Another form is sometimes oljserved upon the tongue. It grows 

 upon a broad, spreading base, becoming very hard. It is almost 

 lacking in blood vessels, although the few that are present are plainly 

 in view, and in consequence is jDoorly supplied with fluids. It is of 

 a smooth contour, white or whitish yellow in color, is sharply limited 

 from the normal substance of the tongue, may be covered with mucous 

 membrane, on which prominent papillae are located, or only by a thin, 

 delicate layer of epithelium, and is usually found in the middle part 

 of the tongue, where it may reach the size of two fists. 



Pedunculate or stemmed fibrous tumors are frequently noticed 

 growing upon or near the extremity of the tails of cows. They are 

 apparently of traumatic origin, such as tying the tail fast while milk- 

 ing or shaving it too closely while trimming for show purposes, and 

 usually contain bloody or gelatinous material within, or, again, they 

 may be strongly edematous throughout. 



Treatment. — The treatment of large fibromas is surgical and con- 

 sists of the operative removal of the tumor, followed by suturing of 

 the wound. Small external tumors may be painted with zinc chlorid, 

 chromic acid, or a concentrated solution of bichlorid of mercury. 



PAPILLOMA (WART). 



When fibromas develop from the lining or covering tissues they 

 frequently form papillary growths, more or less thickly covered 

 with epithelium, and are then called papillomas, or warts. 



Papillomas consist of villouslike projections, resulting from a 

 proliferation of the outer layer (epithelium) of the skin or mucous 

 membrane. These growths are also called " angle berries," and 

 ma>' assume a Auriety of forms. Sometimes there is a preponderance 

 of epidermis in the formation, and the tumor then appears as a hard 

 dense, insensitive, clublike growth, or wart. Again the swellino- is 

 chiefly in the derm, or true skin, and we have what is known as a 

 flesh wart (verucca carnea). In other cases the growth of papillar 



