19 



GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF JAPANESE 



BIRDS. 



In the following Table the species which have been recorded from 

 the Japanese Empire are arranged in systematic order. The columns 

 on the right hand represent the distribution within the Japanese 

 Empire ; whilst that on the left represents the distribution during 

 the breeding-season outside its limits. C. means that the species is 

 Circumpolar; P. that it ranges across the Palsearctic Region, but is 

 not found in the Nearctic Region ; E.P. that it ranges across the 

 Palsearctic Region, but that there are two races, an Eastern Race 

 and a Western Race, which intergrade with each other, and are 

 therefore regarded as only subspecifically distinct; S. that it ranges 

 across Siberia into Eastern, but not into Western Europe; E.S. that 

 the breeding-range of the species is confined to East Siberia, and does 

 not extend to West Siberia or to Europe; P.O. that the species 

 breeds on both the Asiatic and American shores of the North Pacific 

 Ocean ; A. that the species breeds in America, but is not known to 

 do so in Asia, though probably such is generally the case ; T. that 

 the species is a Tropical one, and breeds chiefly in the Oriental 

 Region, or in a few instances in the Australian Region ; J. that 

 although it has been found as a winter migrant, or as an accidental 

 visitor on the mainland, or on more southerly islands, it is not known 

 to breed beyond the limits of the Japanese Empire; and J.J. that 

 the species is believed to be peculiar to the Japanese Empire. 



In this Table the subspecific names are omitted, but full par- 

 ticulars of the variations, if any, from the typical form, and their 

 geographical distribution where known, will be found amongst tlie 

 notes devoted to the species which are represented in the Japanese 

 Empire by closely allied and intergrading races. 



c2 



