34 BIRDS OP THE JAPANESE EMPIRE. 



The southern group of the Loo-Choo Islands has so far produced 

 only two peculiar species, Erithacus komadori and Crex sepiaria. 



The Bonin Islands are remarkahle for several peculiar species. 



If we consider the birds recorded from the Japanese Empire with 

 regard to their distribution within its limits^ the list may be analyzed 

 as follows : — 



Resident and migratory species not found south of 



the Kurile Islands 30 



Species not found south of Yezzo ; residents 7, win- 

 ter visitors 25 33 



Species common to Yezzo and Southern Japan ; resi- 

 dents 108, winter visitors 83, summer visitors 47 238 



Species found in Southern Japan, but not in Yezzo; 



residents 25, summer visitors 36 61 



Additional species from 



Loo-Choo Islands 17 



Bonin Islands 9 



Islands in Corean Straits 3 



Seven Islands 1 



Total .... 381 



These figures are, of course, approximate. Many of the migratory 

 species which have only been recorded from the Kurile Islands or 

 from Yezzo may occasionally wander further south in winter ; and 

 it is not at all improbable that some of the residents and summer 

 visitors which have hitherto been only known from Southern Japan 

 may hereafter be found to occur in Yezzo. In either case the 

 number of species common to Yezzo and Southern Japan (which 

 already amounts to 63 per cent, of the whole) would be increased. 

 If the list be restricted to the birds of Yezzo and Southern Japan, 

 the number of species common to both is raised to 73 per cent. ; 

 but if the winter visitors be excluded, it is only raised to 69 per cent. 



A somewhat anomalous fact in the distribution of Japanese birds 

 is the occurrence of East-Siberian species in Hondo which for some 

 reason do not visit Yezzo. 



Cyanopolius cyanus inhabits the valley of the Amoor, and has been 

 recorded from Lake Baikal ; nevertheless it is not known to have 

 occurred in Yezzo, though it is not uncommon in Hondo. 



Aquila chrysaetus, Pernis apivorus, Butaster indicus, Falco tin- 

 nunculus, Emberisa elegans, Emberisa spodocephala, Merula obscura, 



