TURDINiE. 45 



cichla in the white pattern on the under surface of its wing, but 

 differs from them all in having uniform brown axillaries. It is a 

 brown bird, conspicuously streaked with black on the mantle, and 

 obscurely spotted with dark brown on the breast. 



Figures : Kittlitz, Mem. pr^sentes h, I'Acad. Imp. des Sciences de 

 St. Petersb. par divers savans, 1830, pi. 17. 



Kittlitz's Ground-Thrush is supposed to be peculiar to the Bonin 

 Islands, where it was discovered in 1828. Besides the type specimen 

 in the Museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in St. Peters- 

 burg, there is a second example in the Leyden Museum, and a third 

 in the Vienna Museum. 



It appears to be allied to Geocickla sibirica, and quite as closely to 

 Geocichla pinicola and Geocickla neevia. 



4. MERULA CARDIS. 

 (GREY JAPANESE OUZEL.) 



Turdus cordis, Temminck, Planches Colorizes, no. 618 (1813). 



The male Grey Japanese Ouzel somewhat resembles the male of 

 Geocichla sibirica, but it has no white eye-stripe, or white pattern on 

 the underside of the wings. The female is olive-grey above, and 

 white spotted with dark brown below. Adult males have slate-grey 

 axillaries ; female and immature males have these feathers orange- 

 chestnut, but at no age is there any chestnut on the tail. 



Figures : Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, pi. 29 

 (male adult and first winter), pi. 30 (female adult and first winter). 



The Grey Japanese Ouzel appears to be confined to the Japanese 

 Islands during the breeding-season. It is a common summer visitor 

 to Yezzo, whence I have three adult males, one adult female, and two 

 immature males, collected by Mr. Henson between the 27th of May 

 and the 20th of September. I have also a young bird in first plumage, 

 collected by Captain Blakiston at Hakodadi in August (Seebohm, 

 Ibis, 1884, p. 41), and two others collected by Mr. Jouy on Fuji- 

 yama in July, so that there can be no doubt that it breeds on both 

 islands. In the Pryer collection there are three adult males and two 

 adult females from Fuji-yama, in addition to two immature males 

 and one immature female. I have other examples, both of adults 

 and immature birds, collected in the same locality by Mr. Heywood 

 Jones and Mr. Jouy; and in the British Museum there is an example 

 collected by Mr. Whitely at Nagasaki. 



