104 PASSERES. 



73. LANIUS MAGNIROSTRIS. 



(THICK-BILLED SHRIKE.) 



Lanius magnirostris, Lesson, Zool. Voy. Indes-Or. p. 251 (1834). 



The Thick-billed Shrike has the crown and nape grey, the back, 

 rump, and upper tail-coverts chestnut, barred with black, and the tail 

 plain russet. 



Figures : Walden, Ibis, 1867, pi. 6. 



The Thick-billed Shrike is a Tery rare bird in Japan. There is an 

 example in the Pryer collection from Yokohama (Seebohm, Ibis, 

 1884, p. 37) ; and a second example was obtained by Mr. Jouy on 

 Fuji-yama during July (Blakiston, Am. List Birds of Japan, p. 49). 



The Thick-billed Shrike breeds on the shores of the Japanese Sea, 

 north of Vladivostok (Taczanowski, Journ. Orn. 1876, p. 197), and 

 in Central China ; it winters in the Malay Peninsula. 



74. LANIUS SUPERCILIOSUS. 

 (JAPANESE RED-TAILED SHRIKE.) 



Lanius superciliosus, Latham, Index Om. Suppl. p. xx (1801). 



The Japanese Red-tailed Shrike has the crown, nape, back, rump, 

 upper tail-coverts, and taU rich chestnut. 



Figures : Walden, Ibis, 1867, pi. 5. fig. 2 (erroneously named 

 Lanius phaenicurus) . 



The Japanese Red-tailed Shrike is probably only a summer visitor 

 to Yezzo and Southern Japan. There is an example from Hakodadi 

 in the Swinhoe collection (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, p. 450) ; and there 

 are eight examples in the Pryer collection from Yokohama. 



It winters in some numbers in Malacca. So far is certain, but 

 whether it also breeds in Malacca, or whether any of the Japanese 

 birds remain in Southern Japan during the winter, is unknown. 



The Japanese Red-tailed Shrike appears to be a rufous island form 

 of the Indian Red-tailed Shrike, Lanius cristatus, with which it almost 

 seems to intergrade; that is to say, that the brightest examples from 

 Eastern Siberia scarcely diflfer from the dullest examples from Japan, 

 though a series of the one are very different on an average from a 

 series of the other. There can be no doubt that the Siberian birds 

 (the Lanius phanicurus of Pallas), of which I have a large series 



