FRINGILLIN^. 123 



with sex and age very similarly to that of the Crossbills. There are 

 always two pale bars across the wings formed by the pale tips of the 

 greater and median wing-coverts. 



Figures : Dresser, Birds of Europe, iv. pi. 201. 



Two examples of the Pine-Grosbeak have occurred on the Kurile 

 Islands (Blakiston, Amended List of the Birds of Japan, p. 63), one 

 of which I have had an opportunity of examining. 



This species breeds in the pine-forests of Arctic Europe and Asia, 

 from Lapland to Kamtschatka, and migrates irregularly southwards 

 in autumn, occasionally, but very rarely, visiting the British Islands. 

 It also breeds in Arctic America. 



97. CARPODACUS ROSEUS. 



(ROSE-FINCH.) 



Fringilla rosea, Pallas, Reise Russ. Reiehs, iii. p. C99 (1776). 



The Rose-Finch is a very brilliant bird and is larger than its 

 nearest allies in Japan (wing from carpal joint about 3^ inches). 

 It resembles the Japanese Rose-Finch in having pearly-white plumes 

 on the forehead and throat, but differs from it in having the tail 

 much shorter than the wing. 



Figures : Gould, Birds of Asia, v. pi. 33. 



The Rose-Finch is a rare winter visitor to the Japanese Islands. 

 It has been obtained in Yezzo (Blakiston and Pryer, Ibis, 1878, 

 p. 245) ; in the Swinhoe collection there is an example from Tokio 

 (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1877, p. 145) ; and in the Pryer collection there is a 

 second example from the same district. A third example has been 

 recorded from Tate-yama ( Jouy, Proc. United States Nat. Mus. 1883, 

 p. 294) ; whilst in the British Museum there is a fourth Japanese 

 example probably collected near Nagasaki. 



This species breeds in Eastern Siberia and winters in China. 



98. CARPODACUS ERYTHRINUS. 



(SCARLET ROSE-FINCH.) 



Pyrrhula a-ythrina, Pallas, N. Comm. Acad. So. Imp. Petrop. xiv. p. 587 

 (1770). 



The Scarlet Rose-Finch is intermediate in size between its two 

 nearest allies in Japan (wing from carpal joint about 3^ inches). 



