208 STEGANOPODES. 



193. PHALACROCORAX CARBO. 



(COMMON CORMORANT.) 



Pelecanus earbo, Linneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 216 (1766). 



Head of Phalacrocorax earbo. 4 natural size. 



In the Common Cormorant the bare space on each side of the 

 throat extends behind the gape ; and iu adult birds the gorget is 

 whitCj and the scapulars and wing-coverts are bronzy brown margined 

 with black. 



Figures : Dresser, Birds of Europe, vi. pi. 388. 



The Common Cormorant appears to be a resident in the Southern 

 Japanese Islands (Blakiston and Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 216), but it 

 has been so much confused with Temminck's Cormorant that its 

 exact range is difficult to determine. There are no skins in the 

 Swinhoe collection from Hakodadi, but there are two in the Pryer 

 collection from Yokohama. The Perry Expedition found it very 

 common in the Bay of Yedo (Cassin, Exp. Am. Squad. China Seas 

 and Japan, ii. p. 234), and the_Siebold Expedition obtained it at 

 Nagasaki (Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, p. 129). 



The breeding-range of the Common Cormorant extends from tbe 

 British Islands across Europe and both Northern and Southern Asia 

 to Japan. It also extends to Australia and the Atlantic coast of 

 North America j but on the Pacific coast of the American continent 

 the Common Cormorant appears to be crowded out by other species, 

 some of which range as far west as Japan. 



