228 HEKODIONES. 



is an example in the Swinhoe collection from Hakodadi (Swinhoe, 

 Ibis, 1876, p. 335), and there are two examples from Yokohama in 

 the Pryer collection. They do not differ from Chinese specimens. 



It breeds in the valley of the Amoor and in North China, migra- 

 ting in autumn to Japan and South China. 



215. CICONIA BOYCIANA. 



(JAPANESE STORK.) 



Ciconia boyciana, Swinhoe, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 512. 



The Japanese Stork is a very large bird (wing from carpai joint 

 27 inches), and is white with black scapulars and black quills, except 

 that the outer webs of some of the primaries are partly hoary white. 

 Figures : Sclater, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874, pi. 1. 

 The Japanese Stork is said to be a resident in Japan. There are 

 two examples in the Pryer collection from Yokohama. It was origi- 

 nally described by Swinhoe from a pair of living examples in the 

 grounds of the British Consulate at Shanghai, which had been 

 brought from Yokohama; and Mr. Sclater's figure was drawn from 

 a second pair brought by Swinhoe from Japan. Dybowski found it 

 in some numbers in the valley of the Ussuri (Taczanowski, Proc. 

 Zool. Soc. 1874, p. 307); and Mr. Jouy obtained three examples in 

 the Corea (Stejneger, Proc. United States Nat. Mus. 1887, p. 286). 

 It is to be seen sailing on its immense spread of wings over the plains 

 near Yokohama (Blakiston and Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 224). 



The Japanese Stork appears to be nearest allied to the Maguari 

 Stork, Ciconia maguari, a species which inhabits the pampas of South 

 America. It is larger than its Neotropical ally (wing from carpal 

 joint 27 instead of 20 inches); but it resembles it in having the bare 

 skin in front of the eye red ; its bill is black instead of horn- colour, 

 and its upper tail-coverts white instead of black. There can, how- 

 ever, be little doubt that its real affinities are with the White Stork, 

 Ciconia alba, the range of which extends from Spain across Europe 

 and Western Asia to Eastern Turkestan, where it has been recorded 

 as far east as Yarkand. The White Stork is intermediate in size 

 (wing about 23 inches) ; the distribution of black and white on the 

 plumage is the same as that of the Japanese Stork, but the bill is 

 red, and the bare skin in front of the eye is black. 



