256 ANSERES. 



251. FTJLIGULA MARILA. 



(SCAUP.) 



Anas marila, Linneua, Syat. Nat. i. p. 196 (1766). 



Aythya affirm marUoides, Stejneger, Om. Expl. Comm. Isl. & Kamtschatka, 

 p. 161 (1885). 



The Scaup has white axillaries, but brown under tail-coverts. 

 There is much white on the loresj and always some white vermicu- 

 lations on the back and scapulars. 



Figures : Dresser^ Birds of Europe, vi. pi. 436. 



The Scaup is a winter visitor to the shores of the Japanese Seas. 

 There are two examples in the Swinhoe collection from Hakodadi 

 (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, p. 457), which appear to be the first recorded 

 from Japan ; and there are three in the Pryer collection from Yoko- 

 hama. Mr. Ringer has obtained it at Nagasaki (Blakiston and 

 Pryer, Trans. As. Soc. Japan, 1882, p. 98) ; and it has been recorded 

 from the Loo-Choo Islands (Cassia, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. 

 1862, p. 322). 



The Scaup is a circumpolar bird breeding in the Arctic Hegions of 

 both continents. 



Fully adult males from Japan are precisely similar to those from 

 the British Islands. In both the black of the sides of the head is 

 glossed with green and not with purple. The absence of pure white 

 on the primaries and the presence of vermiculations on the flanks 

 are indications of immaturity. 



252. SOMATERIA SPECTABILIS. 



(KING EIDER.) 



Anas speetahilis, Linneus, Syst. Nat. 1. p. 195 (1766). 



The male King Eider differs from the male Common Eider in 

 having the crown lavender-grey instead of black, and the lower back 

 and scapulars black instead of white. Both sexes may be distin- 

 guished by the feathering on the base of the bill. In the King Eider 

 the feathering on the base of the mandible extends further forward 

 in the centre than at the sides ; in the Common Eider exactly the 

 contrary is the case. 



