258 ANSERES. 



In the Swinhoe collection there is an example from Hakodadi 

 obtained by Captain Blakiston in April (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, p. 456), 

 and in the Pryer collection there are five examples from Yokohama. 

 The examples obtained by the Siebold Expedition were doubtless 

 procured at Nagasaki (Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, 

 Aves, p. 129). 



The Goosander breeds in the Arctic Regions of Russia and Siberia, 

 and winters on the coasts of the British Islands, as well as on those 

 of Japan. 



The Goosander is also found on the American continent, but 

 examples from the New World differ from those found in the Old 

 World in having a black bar across the wing-coverts, for which 

 reason they are regarded as subspecifically distinct under the name 

 of Mergus merganser americanus. In both forms the basal portion of 

 the greater wing-coverts is black, but in examples from Europe and 

 Asia (including those from Japan) the median wing-coverts extend 

 beyond and entirely conceal the black bases, whilst in the American 

 form they fall short of them and thus leave exposed the narrow black 

 bar to which allusion has been made. 



255. MERGUS SERRATOR. 

 (RED-BREASTED MERGANSER.) 



Mergus serrator, Linneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 208 (1766). 



The Red-breasted Merganser is slightly smaller than the Goosander, 

 and the terminal half of the central secondaries is white, but the dark 

 bases on the outer webs are never concealed by the greater wing- 

 coverts. 



Figures : Dresser, Birds of Europe, vi. pi. 453. 



The Red-breasted Merganser breeds on the Kurile Islands and 

 winters in Japan (Blakiston and Pryer, Trans. As. Soc. Japan, 1882, 

 p. 101). There are two examples in the Swinhoe collection from 

 Hakodadi (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1875, p. 456), and six in the Pryer collec- 

 tion from Yokohama. Mr. Ringer has sent an example to the 

 Norwich Museum from Nagasaki, where those procured by the 

 Siebold Expedition were doubtless also obtained (Temminck and 

 Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, p. 129). 



