364 PYGOPODES. 



An example in winter plumage measures 25 inches from the frontal 

 feathers to the tip of the bill ; a second, in summer plumage with a 

 pale nape, measures 2-3 inches ; whilst a third, moulting into summer 

 plumage with a dark nape, measures only 1'9 inches. 



370. COLYMBUS SEPTENTRIONALIS. 

 (RED-THROATED DIVER.) 



Colymbug eeptentrionalis, Linneus, Syst. Nat. i. p. 220 (1766). 



In this species the forehead and crown are always mottled. 



Figures : Gould, Birds of Great Britain, v. pi. 45 ; Dresser, Birds 

 of Europe, viii. pi. 628. 



It is probably to Steller that we are indebted for the local name of 

 the Red-throated Diver on the Kurile Islands, whence we may infer 

 its frequent occurrence in that locality (Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-Asiat. 

 ii. p. 343). It probably breeds there, as I have an example in 

 breeding-plumage obtained by Mr. Snow in June on Rashua, one of 

 the central islands of the chain. The first example recorded from 

 Japan was obtained at Hakodadi in January 1865 (Whitely, Ibis, 

 1867, p. 208) ; and there is an example in winter plumage in the 

 Swinhoe collection obtained by Captain Blakiston at Hakodadi 

 (Swinhoe, Ibis, 1874, p. 163). It is said to be occasionally obtained 

 inTokio Bay (Blakiston and Pryer, Ibis, 1878, p. 211), but there are 

 no examples in the Pryer collection. It is probably only a winter 

 visitor to the Japanese Islands. Dr. Stejneger found it breeding in 

 great abundance on the Commander Islands. 



The Red-throated Diver is a circumpolar species, and breeds in 

 Scotland and the north of Ireland. 



371. PODICEPS RUBRICOLLIS. 

 (RED-NECKED GREBE.) 



Colymbus rubricoUis, Gmelin, Syst. Nat. i. p. 692 (1788). 



The Red-necked Grebe has dark brown lores both in summer and 

 winter, and its wing from carpal joint measures more than 6 inches. 



Figures : Temminck and Schlegel, Fauna Japonica, Aves, pi. 78 b 

 (under the name of Podiceps rubricoUis major, the Eastern form) . 



It is not known that the Eastern form of the Red-necked Grebe 



