118 



OEDBE LXIX. EBENACE^.— OEDEE LXXVm. SCEOPHULAl«ACEiE. 



parted, sometimes witli distinct petals. Stamens as many as the 

 segments of the corolla, alternate with them, inserted on its 

 base. Anthers opening longitudinally. Ovary 2-celled, with 1 

 ovule in- each cell. Stigmas 2 — 6. Fi-uit drupaceous, with 2 — 6 

 stones. 



A small order of trees and shruTja distinguished by the bitter and tonic pro- 

 perties of the baric and foliage. Ilex {ItoUy), the leaves of one species of which 

 are the famous Mate or Tea of Paraguay, and Prinos the Black Alder, are 

 examples. 



Oedee LXIX. — ^Ebenaceffi. 



Trees, or shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, often entire, 

 without stipules. Flowers axillary, polygamous. Calyx free 

 from the ovary ; limb 3 — 6-eleft, with equal, persistent segments. 

 Corolla 3 — 6-cleft, often pubescent. Stamens 2 or 4 times as 

 many as the lobes of the coroUa. Ovary with 3 or more cells. 

 Stigmas as many as the cells. Fruit a fleshy berry, with bony 

 seeds. 



Diospyros, the Persimmon, several exotic species of which f arnisb the differ- 

 ent kinds of Ebony, is om- only representative of this small and chiefly tropical 

 order. 



Oedee LXX. — Styracace^. 



Shrubs, or trees. Leaves alternate, simple, exstipulate. 

 Flowers perfect, bracteate, solitary, axillary, or in axillary ra- 

 cemes. Calyx 5, rarely 4-lobed, adherent either to the base of 

 the ovary, or to the whole of it. Corolla 4 — 6, usually 5-lobed. 

 Stamens definite, or indefinite, unequal in length, more or less 

 united. Ovary 2 — 5-celled, the cells opposite the calyx-lobes. 

 Fruit drupaceous, usually with only 1 fertile cell. Seeds 1 — 5. 



A small order chiefly tropical. Storax and Benzoin, two gum-resins of some 

 value in medicine, are products of two exotic species of Styrax. Halesia, or 

 the Snow-drop tree, native of the South, is quite common in cultivation at the 

 North. 



GEOTJP IV. 

 Oedee LXXI. — Primulaceae. 



Herbs. Leaves opposite, vertieillate, or alternate, or all radi- 

 cal Stipules none. Calyx 4 — 5-cleft, usually persistent, nearly 

 or quite free from the ovary. Corolla regular, 4 — 5-cleft. Sta- 

 mens as many as the lobes of the coroUa, and inserted opposite 

 them. Ovary 1-celled, with a free, central placenta. Style 1. 

 Stigma 1. Capsule many-seeded ; the placenta attached only to 

 the base of the cell, as in the Primrose, fig. 3, Plate XXVI. 



An order containing many beautiful plants, but otherwise of little import- 

 ance. The Trientalis and Lysimachia {Loose-strVfn), are examples. 



Oedee LXXII.- 



-Plantaginaceas. 



Herbs usually acaulescent. Leaves usually in a radical tuft, 

 often ribbed. Calyx 4-eleft, free from the ovary, persistent. 

 Corolla more or less tubular, 4-cleft, scarious, persistent. Stamens 

 4, alternate \vith the corolla lobes. Filaments long and weak. 

 Anthers versatile. Ovary 2-celled. Style 1. Capsule a mem- 

 branaceous pyxis, as in Auagallis, fig. 9, Plate XXVL, the cells 

 1 or several-seeded. 



A small and unimportant order found in all countiies. The Plantain (J^lan- 

 tago), is an example. 



Oedee LXXIII.- 



-PlumbaginaceEe. 



Herbs, or somewhat suflTruticose. Leaves simple, alternate, or 

 all radical. Flowers often on simple, or branching scapes. Calyx 

 tubular, 5-toothed, plaited, persistent. Corolla hypocrateriform, 

 with the 5 stamens inserted opposite its lobes, or consisting of 6 

 distinct unguiculate petals, with the stamens attached to their 

 claws. Styles 5, distinct, or united nearly to the top. Ovary 1- 



celled, free from the calyx. Fruit a 1-seeded utricle; or else 

 opening by 5 valves. 



A small order, natives usually of salt marches. The roots of many of them 

 are exceedingly astringent, as in Statice Caroliniana {Marsh-Hosemary), our 

 only representative. 



GROUP V. 

 Oedee LXXIV. — Lentibulaceae. 



Herbs, growing in the water or mud. Leaves radical ; when 

 floating in the water much dissected, and furnished with air- 

 bladders ; when growing on land, entire and fleshy. Flowers 

 showy, very irregular. Calyx of 2 — 5 sepals, distmct, or par. 

 tially united. CoroUa bilabiate, personate, tube very short, 

 spurred. Stamens 2, inserted on the upper lip. Anthers 1-celled. 

 Ovary free from the calyx, 1-celled. Style 1. Fruit a many- 

 seeded capsule. 



A small and unimportant order of aquatic or mud plants, distinguished by 

 their showy flowers. XJtricularia {Bladdov-wort), is an example. 



Oedee LXXV. — Orobancliaceee. 



Herbs, destitute of proper leaves, and parasitic on the roots 

 of other plants. Stem furnished with scales instead of leaves. 

 Calyx persistent, 4 — 5-parted, or bilabiate free from the ovary. 

 Corolla bilabiate or irregular, 4 — 5-lobed, withering or persistent. 

 Stamens 4, didynamous. Ovary l-oeUed, with 2 parietal placen- 

 tae. Style 1. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule inclosed in the persistent 

 corolla, seeds many, minute. 



A small order of parasitic plants, possessing bitter and astringent qualities. 

 Epiphegus (^Beecli-drops), is an example. 



Oedee LXXVI. — Bignoniaceee. 



Trees, or shrubby, climbing, or twining plants. Flowers 

 usually large and showy. Leaves opposite, rarely alternate, 

 simple, or pinnately parted. Calyx 5-cleft, or 2-cleft, or bilabiate, 

 sometimes spathaoeous. Corolla broad at the throat, with a bila- 

 biate or irregularly 6-lobed limb. Stamens 6, 1 or 3 sterile, when 

 4, often didynamous. Orary 2-celled, free from the calj'.x, sur- 

 rounded by a fleshy di.sk at base. Style 1. Fruit a woody or 

 coriaceous 2-valved, many-seeded pod. Seeds winged. 



Tecoma {Tnimpeiifl(rwef\ and Catalpa, are examples of this ornamental 

 and chiefly tropical order, to which is attached the following 



Sub oedek. — Sesame.e. Herbs, with opposite or alternate 

 leaves, and large axillary flowers, differing from the order proper, 

 chiefly in the fruit, which is drupaceous, or capsular, often tipped 

 with 2 or 4 horns, frequently with 4 — 8 spurious cells, formed by 

 the divergent lobes of the placenta becoming variously attached 

 to the sides of the pericarp. Seeds few, wingless. 

 Martynia ( Unieorn^lant), and Sesamum, are examples. 



Oedee LXXVII. — Acantbacese. 



Herbs, or shrubs. Leaves opposite, entire, exstipulate. 

 Flowers with several bracts, often showy. Sepals 5, more or less 

 united, persistent. Corolla bilabiate, or nearly regular, with 6 

 subequal lobes, convolute in prefloration. Stamens 4, didyna- 

 mous, sometimes only 2 perfect, the other 2 being sterile, or want 

 ing. Ovary 2-oelled, free from the calyx. Style 1. Fruit a 2- 

 valved capsule, with 2 or more seeds in a cell. Seeds roundish, 

 supported by hooked processes of the placenta. 



A large tropical order, often ornamental, but possessing no very remarkable 

 plants. Dianthera and Dipteracanthus are examples found in the U. S. 



Oedee LXXVIII. — ScropbulariaceEe. 



Herbs, or sometimes shrubby. Leaves opposite, or alternate, 

 sometimes vertieillate or radical Sepals 4 — -5 persistent, more or 

 less united. Corolla bilabiate, personate, sometimes nearly regu- 

 lar, with 4 — 5 more or less unequal segments ) the lobes imbri- 



