SERIES I. — PH^NOG AMIA. 



CLASS I .— EXOGE N-ffi . 



SUBCLASS I.-ANGIOSPEIlM-<:E. 



SECTION I —POLYPETALjE. 



Obber I. Ranunculacese. — Growfootrfamily, 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENEEA. 



* Caulinc leaves opposite. 



1. Clematis. Petals none. Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. 



* * Acaiilescent. 



8. Hepatica. Flowers with an involucre of three obtuse leaves resembling 

 a calyx. Sepals petaloid. Petals none. 



7. 06i»'ria. Sepal's, petaloid, white. Petals minute, yellow. 



* * * Caulescent. I'ctals none. 



2. Anemone. Stem with a whorl of leaves near the middle, forming an in- 

 volucre. Flowers solitary. Ovaries in dense heads. 



4. TiiALioTRUM. Flowers in panicles or umbellate clusters. Leaves com- 

 pound. 



6. Caltiia. Sepals large, yellow. Cauline leaves alternate, simple. 



»*** Caulescent. Petals present, equal in size. 



5. EANUNcrLTT% Sepals herbaceous. Petals mostlj^ yellow, with a necta- 

 riferous scale at the base. Ovaries numerous, separate, in dense heads. 



8. AQiTiLEGrA. Sepals petaloid. Petals tubular, tapering into long, hollow, 

 nectarifeiuus spurs descending between the sepals. Follicles 5. 



11. AcT^A. Sepals deciduous, flowers in solitary racemes, petals small, 

 white; fruit a globose berry. 



12. P^dNiA. Sepals 5, herbaceous, persistent Ovaries 3—5, follicles 

 mostly 2. 



13. NiG^LLA. Petals S-cleffc. Follicles 5. Leaves dissected. 



* * * * * fjaulesccnt. Petals and Sepals present? un- 

 equal in size. 



9. DelphInium. Lower sepal spurred at base. Petals 4, 2 upper terminat- 

 ing in a spur inclosed in the calyx spur. 



10. AcoNiTUM. Upper sepal largest, vaulted. Petals 5, 3 lower minute ; 

 2 upper terminating in spurs concealed in the'^'^aulted upper sepal. 



1. CLilMATIS. 

 Sepals 4 — 8, colored. Petals none. Anthers linear, extrorse. 

 Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. Per. 



1. C. Virginiana. Virgin'' s Bower. 



stem climbing by its petioles ; leaves temate, smooth ; leaflets ovate, some- 

 what cordate at base, acuminate, dentate; flowers in panicles, axillary, often 

 dioecious, white ; sepals pubescent; fruit covered with long hairs, which cause 

 the plant, when in fi-nit, to appear at a distance as if in bloom. A vine climbing 

 over the bushes, in thickets and low grounds, 10 — 15 feet long. Aug. 



3. an:6mone. 

 Involucre distant from the flower, composed of 3 incised 

 leaves. Sepals 5 — 15, petaloid. Ovaries collected into roundish 

 or oval heads. Achenia mueronate. Per. 



1. A. Bemerosa. Wood Anemone. 



stem simple, smooth ; leaves temate; leaflets 8— 5-lobed; lobes oblanceo- 

 /ate. dentate ; involucre of 3 leaves, on short petioles near the top of the stem ; 

 Uowerp PoKtary, nodding, somewhat campanulate, white, purplish outside ; 



heads of achenia small, globose. A pretty little plant growing from 8'— 6' high, 

 in old woods and thickets. April — May. 



2. A. Yirginiana. Wind-flower, 



stem pubescent; leaves ternate ; leaflets petiolulate, 2 — 3-cleft, ovate, dentate, 

 pubescent ; flowers greenish white, with the sepals pubescent beneath, on long 

 peduncles; heads of fniit J' long, woolly, oblong, cylindrical; stem 2 — 3 feet 

 high, with a 3-lcaved involucre, from which arise 2 — 4 long, pubescent pedun- 

 cles. A coarse-looking plant, very difl'erent from the foregoing, Pastures and 

 fields. June — July, 



3. hepAtica. 

 Involucre resembling a calyx, very near the flower, composed 

 of 3 ovate, obtuse bracts. Sepals petaloid, 6 — 9 in number, ar- 

 ranged in 2 — 3 rows. Petals none. Achenia awnless. Per. 



1. H. triloba. Heart Livcrtvort. 



AcaulcEcent; leaves broadly cordate, mostly 8-lobed, with the lobes entire, 

 smooth, evergreen, on long, hairy petioles ; scapes hairy, 1-flowered, flower nod- 

 ding ; involucre resembling a calyx, green, hairy ; sepals varying from a bluish 

 purple to nearly white, scarcely as long as the bracts of the involucre, oblong, 

 obtuse. A beautiful little plant growing on wooded hill-sides, and one of tho 

 earliest to appear in spring, sometimes peeping out before the snow has entirely 

 gone. March — April. 



4 THALtOTEUM. 

 Sepals 4 — 5, petaloid, caducous. Petals none. Stamens nu- 

 merous. Carpels 4 — 15, tipped with the stigma, falcate. Per. 



1. T. dioicum. 



Very smooth ; stem erect ; leaxes bi- or trlternately decompound ; leaflets 

 rhomboidal, obtuse, 3— 5-lobed; flowers dicecious or polygamous, green, pani- 

 cled, with a long peduncle ; sepals 5, purplish, obtuse, caducous ; stamens of the 

 barren flowers with long filaments and bright yellow anthers; fertile fiowers 

 smaller, with 6—8 shorter stamens. A branching green herb, of no beauty, 

 found in rocky woods, 1 — 2 feet high. April — May. 



2. T. Corniiti. Meadow Piue. 



stem erect, branching, smooth; leaves tritcrnate, sessile ; leaflets rhomboi- 

 dal, 2 — 3-lobed, mostly smooth ; flowers in large, terminal, compound panicles, 

 white, small, dicecious or polygamous; sepals white, oblong, caducous; fila- 

 ments somewhat clavate. A tall plant growing in|feet meadows, 3—6 feet high, 

 with very large leaves, and a hollow rounded stem. June — July. 



3. T. anemonoides. Rue Anemone. 



stem low, simple, smooth ; radical leaves biternate, on long petioles ; leaf- 

 lets rhomboidal, 2 — 8-lohed ; stem leaves 3, ternate, nearly sessile, verticillatc, 

 resembling an involucre ; leaflets nearly sessile ; flowers much larger than those 

 of the other species, 3 — 6, in a terminal umbel; sepals 6 — 10, oval, white, 

 sometimes tinged with purple, not caducous. The root consists of 4— 6 oblong 



