143 



ORDER XX. CAETOPHYIiLACE^ PrNK-FAMILY. 



1. S. officinalis. 



Bouncing Bet. 



Plant smooth, somewhat fleshy ; leaves oval, or ovate-lanceolate, smooth, 

 eesslle, mucronate; flowers large, pale rose color, in paniculate fascicles; calyx 

 cylindrical; crown of the petals linear; flowers often doable. Stem 1—2 feet 

 high, square. Common in road-sides and waste places. Introduced. July-- 

 Aug. 



4 DiANTnUS. 

 Calyx tubular, 5-toothed, with 1, rarely with more pairs of 

 opposite, imbricate scales at base. Petals 6, with long claws. 

 Stamens 10. Styles 2. Capsule 1-celled. Fer. 



1. D. Armeria. Wild Pinh. 



stem, smooth, erect, branched above; leaves linear-subulate, hairy, sessile, 

 clasping at base; flowers rather small, scentless, in dense fascicles; calyx 

 scales lanceolate-subulate, as long as the tube ; petals red, dotted with white, 

 crenate. Tho only species found wild in the U. S. It grows in dry fields and 

 road-sides in Eastern N. Eng. Stem 1—2 feet high. June— Aug. 



2. D. barbatus. 8weet William. 



stem erect, branching ; leaves lanceolate ; flowers red, often much varie- 

 gated, in dense fascicles, rather small ; scales of the calyx lanceolate -subulate, 

 equalling the tube. A well-known garden flower, 10'— 18' high. May— July. 



3. D. Chinensis. China Pinh. 



Stem erect, branched ; leaves lancft-linear ; flowers large, red, solitary ; 

 scales linear, leafy, spreading, as long as the tube; petals dentate or crenate. 



Gardens. July. 



4. D. PlumtLrius. Single Pinlc. 



Glaucous; leaves linear, scabrous on the margin; flowers 2 — 3, solitary, 

 varying from purple to white; calyx-teetb obtuse; scales ovate, acute; petals 

 many-cleft, hairy at the throat. Jane — Aug. Gardens. 



5. D. Caryophyllus. Carnation. 



Glaucous; leaves linear-subulate, channelled ; flowers large, solitary, fra- 

 grant ■ scales very short, ovate ; petals very broad, beardless, crenate. Stem 

 1— S ft, high, branched. From this species, under the influence of cultivation, 

 have been derived all the splendid Tarieties of Carnations, whose flowers are of 

 all possible colors, and combinations of colors, except blue; but the most com- 

 mon is that shade of red known as pink. 



5. stellIeia 



Sepals 5, connected at the base. Petals 6, 2-cleft. Stamens 10, 

 rarely fewer. Styles 3, sometimes 4. Capsule 1-celled, 3-valved, 

 many-seeded. 



1. S. media. Chiclcweed. 



Stem procumbent, marked with alternate hairy lines ; leaves ovate, 

 smooth, with ciliate petioles; flowers small, white; petals oblong, deeply- 

 cleft, a little shorter than the sepals ; stamens varying from 3 — 10. A common 

 weed in waste places, blooming from March to November. An. or "bien. 



2. S. longifolia. Stitchwort. 



stem weak, usually with rough angles, very slender and brittle ; leaves 

 linear, sessile, 1-nerved ; flowers larger than in the last, white, in long, terminal, 

 divaricate cymes, with lanceolate, scarions bracts ; petals deeply-cleft, becom- 

 ing longer than the acute 3-veined sepals. Grows 8' — 20' high in meadows, sup- 

 porting itself by other plants. June— July. Fer. 



6. CEKlSTIUM. 



Sepals 5, somewhat united at base. Petals 5, bifid. Stamens 

 10, rarely fewer, alternate ones shorter. Styles 6. Capsule cy- 

 lindrical, or roundish, 1-celled, 10-toothed. Seeds numerous. 



1. C. vulg^tum. Mouse-ear. 



Hairy, pale-green, growing in tufts; stems assurgent, or spreading; leaves 

 ovate or obovate, obtuse, attenuate at base ; flowers white, in somewhat capi- 

 tate clusters, when young longer than the pedicels ; sepals green, a little shorter 

 than the petals. Fields and waste places. Introduced. April—Sept. Bien. 



2. C. viscclsura. Large Mouse-ear. 



Hairy, viscid, spreading; leaves lance-oblong, rather obtuse ; flowers white, 

 in loose cymes, when young, shorter than the peduncles ; petals scarcely equal- 

 ling the calyx. Plant of a deeper green than the last, with narrower leaves. 

 Fields. May— Sep. Per. 



7. AEENlEIA 

 Sepals 5. Petals 6, entire. Stamens 10, rarely fewer. Stylea 

 3. Capsule 3-valved ; valves usually 2-parted, 



1. A. serpyllifolia. Sandwort. 



stem difl'use, dichotomous, pubescent, with reflexed hairs; leaves very 

 small, ovate, sessile, acute, somewhat ciliate ; flowers small, white, axillary and 

 terminal, numerous; sepals lanceolate, acuminate, hairy, striate, twice aalong 

 as the oval petals; capsule ovate, 6-toothed, equalling the sepals. In cultivated 

 grounds 3' — i' bigh. Introduced. May — June. An. 



2. A. lateriflora. Starwort. 



Slightly pubescent; stem erect, slender, nearly simple; leaves oblong or 

 oval, obtuse; peduncles lateral and terminal, 2 — 3 flowered; flowers large, 

 white; petals more than twice the length of the calyx. An elegant species, 

 4' — 10' high in meadows and damp grounds, June. Per, 



8. HONCKJfcNTA. 

 Sepals 6, united at base. Petals 6, unguiculate, entire. 

 Stamens 10, inserted with the petals into a glandular disk. Styles 

 3 — 5. Capsule 3 — 5-valved, 1-celled, 8 — 10 seeded. An. 



1. H. peploides. Sea Sandwort. 



Very fleshy; stem creeping, sending up erect, mostly simple branches; 

 leaves ovate, abruptly acute, vein less ; flowers pedicellate, axillary, small, 

 white ; sepals ovate, obtuse ; petals wedgo-obovate. The upright branches arc 



8'— 12' high. Atlantic coast July. 



9. SAGtNA. 

 Sepals 4 — 5, united at base. Petals 4 — 5, entire, or none. 

 Stamens 4 — 5. Capsules 4 — 5 valved, many-seeded. An. 



1. S. procumbens. Pearlwort. 



Glabrous; stem slender, procumbent; leaves linear, mucronate; flowers 

 small, white or green, axillary, on long peduncles ; petals half as long as the 

 sepals, sometimes wanting ; stamens sepals and petals 4 — 5. A little creeping 



plant, in wet springy grounds. May — July. 



10. AN^CHIA. 

 Sepals 5, ovate-oblong, connivent, subsaccate at the apex. 

 Petals none. Stamens 2 — 5, inserted on the base of the sepals. 

 Utricle inclosed in the sepals. An. 



1. A. dichotoma. Forhed Chickweed. 



stem erect, smooth, or pubescent above, dichotomously branched, slender; 

 leaves oval, or oblong, sessile; cauline ones opposite, those of tho branches al- 

 ternate, acute or obtuse, smooth ; flowers minute, white, axillary, solitary, or in 

 terminal clusters of 3. A delicate, very branching plant, on hill side5, 4' — 8' 

 high. June — Aug. 



11. SPJilEGUX-A: 

 Sepals 5, nearly distinct. Petals 5, entire. Stamens 5 — 10. 

 Styles 3 — 5. Capsules ovate, 3 — 5-valved, many-seeded. 



1. S. arvensis. Corn Spur rey. 



stem erect, terete, branching, somewhat viscid; leaves linear-subulate, 

 verticillate, 10 — ^20 in a verticil, fasciculate also iU the axils, dark green ; stipules 

 minute; peduncles reflexed in fruit; flowers in terminal, forked cymes ; petals 

 white, longer than the sepals; capsule twice as long; stamens 10; styles 5; 

 seeds uniform. Introduced. About a foot high, in cultivated grounds. May 

 — Aug. An. 



2. S. nibra. Red Corn Spurrey. 



Stem decumbent, much branched, smooth; leaves narrow-linear, some- 

 what fleshy, acute, or mucronate, with tufts of leaves or branchlets in the axils, 

 opposite, sessile. Stipules ovate, cleft; flowers small, solitary, axillary, red, or 

 rose-color, on balry peduncles. A variable little plant, in dry soils and road 

 sides. Its delicate flowers furnishing a happy contrast to tho barren sand which is 

 its common habitat. A variety is common in salt marshes, which is more 

 fleshy, with larger leaves and stems ; often erect with paler flowers. May — 

 Nov. Per. 



12. SCLERlNTHHS. 



Sepals 5, united at base and inclosing the 1-seeded utricle. 

 Petals none. Stamens 10 or 6, inserted at the throat of the 

 calyx. Styles 2. An. 



