148 



ORDER XLHI. LEGUMmOS^ PEA-FAMILY. 



***** leaves neither pinnate nor ternate. 



15. Crotalaria. Legume much inflated. Leaves simple. 



16. LupInus. Legume coriaceous, oblong, compressed. Leaves digitate. 



B. Flowers not properly papilionaceous. 



18. Cassia. Flowers perfect Petals 5, slightly unequal. Stamens 10. 

 Leaves abruptly pinnate. Herbs. 



19. Glbditschia. Flowers polygamous. Stamens 3 — 5. Leaves abruptly 

 pinnate, or biplnnate. Thorny trees. 



1. LlTHTRUS. 

 Calyx campanulate, 5-cleft; 2 upper segments somewhat 

 shorter. Style flat, dilated above, ascending, bent nearly at 

 right angles with the ovary, pubescent, or villous on the inside 

 next the stamen. Per. 



1. L. maritimus. Marsh Pea. 



Glabrous, stem branching, stout, angled, at length decumbent ; leaves ab- 

 ruptly pinnate, cirrhose ; leaflets 8—12, oval or somewhat obovate, mucronate ; 

 common petiole large and fleshy, somewhat glaucous; stipules sagittate; 

 flowers large, blue, or pui-ple, on long, fleshy, axillary peduncles. In drooping 

 racemes; legumes oblong, slightly falcate. A pale-green plant with handsome 

 flowers, growing in beds on the shores of the sea, and the gi-eat lakes. May — 

 JvZy, 



2. L. palustris. Marsh Vetch. 



Glabrous; stem ascending, winged; leaves 4^-6 foliate, cirrhose; leaflots 

 narrow-oblong, rather obtuse, mucronate, sessile ; stipules minute, lanceolate, 

 semi-sagittate ; peduncles axillary, S — 5 flowered ; flowers medium size, light 

 purple, turning pale when old; legumes broad-linear, compressed, acuminate, 

 pubescent A slender and delicate but variable species. Found in meadows, 

 supporting itself by its tendrils among the grass and other plants. Stem 1—2 

 ft. high. June. 



2. VfCIA. 



Calyx tubular, 5-cleft, 2 upper teeth shortest. Banner emar- 

 gioate. Style filiform, bent at a right angle to the ovary, 

 villous at apex, particularly on the outside next the keel. Legume 

 oblong, several-seeded. 



1. V, cracca. Tufted Vetch. 



stem branching, square, downy, very slender; leaves 18—20 foliate, cir- 

 rhose; leaflets narrow-oblong, mucronate, slightly pubescent; stipules lance- 

 linear; peduncles as long as the leaves; flowers 20—30 imbricated, in dense, 1- 

 Bided, axillary racemes, almost sessile, bright blue, sometimes pale ; legumes 

 oblong, coriaceous, smooth. A slender plant, growiug along fences and borders 

 of woods. June. Per. 



2. V. tetrasperma. Smooth Vetch. 



stem somewhat tufted, glabrous, very slender ; leaves 4—6 foliate, cirrhose ; 

 leaflets linear or oblong-linear; stipules lanceolato, semi-sagittate; peduncles 

 usually 2-flowcred ; flowera very small, white, often tinged with blue, on 

 filiform peduncles ; legume oblong, glabrous, usually 4-seeded. A very slen- 

 der, delicate plant, growing along rivers and streams, July. An. 



3. V. sativa. Vetch or Tare. 



stem simple, decumbent or climbing; leaves 10— 12 foliate, cirrhose ; leaf- 

 lets oblong-obovate, sometimes linear, retuse, mucronate; stipules semi-sagit- 

 tate, Bubdentate; flowers axillary, solitary, or in pairs, nearly sessile, pale 

 purple, \' long; legumes compressed, somewhat erect, reticulated, 1'— 2' long. 

 A slender plant, common in fields and cultivated grounds. Introduced. June 



July. An. 



3. PiSUM. 



Calyx-segments leafy ; 2 upper shortest. Banner reflexed. 



Stamens 10, in 2 sets, 9 and 1. Style compressed, carinate, 



villous on the upper side. Legume oblong, tumid, many-seeded. 



Seeds globose. An. 



1. P. sativum. Pea. 



Glaucous, smooth; stem nearly simple, climbing; leaves 4 — 6-foliate, cir- 

 rhose ; leaflets ovate, entire ; stipules ovate, semi-cordate at base, crenate ; flow- 

 ers largo, white, 2—5 on axillary peduncles. A universally cultivated plant, 

 and everywhere a favorite, as an esculent It grows 2—5 feet high, climbing 

 by its tendrils. May— June. 



4. PHASi:OLUS. 

 Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed, 2 upper teeth more or less 

 united. Keel, together with the stamens and style spirally 



twisted. Legume lineai*, or falcate, more or less compressed 

 Herbaceous. Leaves ^innately trifoliate. Leaflets stipellate. 



. 1. P., diversifOlius. Lote-leaved Bean. 



Stem prostrate, trailing, sometimes climbing, rough-pubescent ; leaflet* 

 ovate, angular, 2— S-lolied, or entire, as long as the petioles : stipules lanceolato ; 

 peduncles stout, longer than the leaves ; fiowers pale purple, 2—6 together, capi- 

 tate, generally 2 open at once; lower tooth of the calyx longer than the tube ; 

 legume pubescent, broad-linear, cylindric, 5 — 7-seeded, black when ripe. A 

 trailing plant, with a stem 8 — 4 feet long, in sandy fields, or along sandy shores, 

 Aug.—Oct An. 



2. P. perennis. Wild Bean, 



stem twining, pubescent; leaflots ovate, acuminate ; racemes axillary, soli- 

 tary, or several together, simple or slightly branched, longer than the leaves; 

 flowers purple ; legume pendulous, falcate, mucronate. A slender vine, 4 — 7 

 feet long in dry woods. July — Attg. Per. 



3. P. vulgaris. Bean. 



stem twining; leaflets ovate, acuminate ; racemes solitary, shorter than the 

 leaves ; pedicels in pairs ; calyx as short as its 2 bracts at base ; legume pendu- 

 lous ; flowers white, sometimes pale purple. Cultivated every where In gardens, 

 both for its young pods and ripe seeds. 



4. P. multiflorus. Scarlet Pole Bean. 



stem twining against the sun; leaflets ovate, acute; flowers large, scarlet, 

 very ornamental, in solitary racemes as long as the leaves; pedicels opposite; 

 calyx longer than the 2 apprcssed bracts at base ; legumes pendulous ; seeds 

 reniform. A very beautiful species, often cultivated on account of its splendid 

 scarlet, rarely white, blossoms ; but its fruit is not as much esteemed as that of 

 the last An. 



5. P. lunatus. Lima Bean. 



stem twining ; leaflets ovate-deltoid, acute ; flowers small, whitish, in re- 

 cemes longer than the leaves ; pedicels in pairs ; calyx longer than its 2 bracts 

 at base ; legume scimetar form, or somewhat lunate. Yery common in culti- 

 vation, and highly esteemed. July. An. 



6. P. nanus. Bush Bean. 



stem erect, branching, smooth ; leaflets broad-ovate, acute ; flowers white, 

 calyx shorter than the 2 bracts at base ; legume compressed, pendulous, rugose 

 A shrubby species, 1 foot high, extremely common in cultivation. Seeds mostly 

 small, white, but varying much in size, shape and color, June. An. 



5. IPIOS. 

 Calyx campanulate, somewhat bilabiate ; the upper lip of 2 

 very short, rounded teeth ; the 2 lateral ones nearly obsolete ; 

 the lower one acute and longer ; banner with a fold lengthwise 

 in the centre, reflexed. Keel falcate, long, and with the stamens 

 and styles at length spirally twisted. Per. 



1 . A. tuberosa. Ground Nut. 



stem twining, nearly or quite smooth ; leaves 5— T-foliate ; leaflets ovate 

 lanceolate, entire, more or less acute ; flowers dark purple, of a peculiar leather) 

 appearance, in dense, pedunculate, axillary racemes shorter than the leaves 

 The root bears numerous nutritious tubers. Low grounds and thickets. July 

 —Aug. 



6. WISTlKIA. 

 Calyx campanulate, sub-bilabiate ; upper lip with 2 short 

 teeth ; lower lip composed of 3 nearly equal ones. Banner with 

 2 callosities descending the claws. "Wings and keel falcate. Le- 

 gume torulose, stipitate, many-seeded. Per. 



1. W. fruteseens. Common Wistaria. 



Stem long, climbing, pubescent when young, at length smooth ; leaves 9 — 13 

 foliate; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acute, slightly pubescent ; racemes long, pen- 

 dulous, axillary and terminal, with large, colored, deciduous bracts ; flower? 

 larK^i numerous, lilac-colored ; wings of the corolla with 2 auricles at base ; 

 ovaries smooth. A rapid-growing vine, with abundant splendid flowers. Na 

 tive of the South and West, but common in cultivation. May. 



T. AMPniOARP^A 

 Calyx tubular, campanulate, 4, sometimes 6-toothed ; seg 

 ments nearly equal. Petals oblong. Banner with appressed 



