178 ' ORDER LXXIV. LBNTIBULACE^ BLADDERWORT-FAM. ORDER LXXVIII. SCROPHULARTACE^ — FIGAV0RT-FA3I, 



ing sheatlia, very branching, forming a large, flat-topped, compound corymb, of 

 small, pale-blue flowers, which are sessile in secund spikes upon the branchlets. 

 A rather pretty plant, common in salt marshes, with a scape abont a foot high. 

 Root large and woody, very astringent. Aug. — Oct. 



-Bladder- 



Order LXXIV. LentibiiMcese.- 



%oort-fafinily . 



1. UTRICULlPJA. 

 Calyx 2-parted, -with nearly equal lips. Corolla irregularly 

 2-Iipped, personate ; the lower lip projecting, and sometimes 

 closing the throat. Aquatics. 



1. U. inflata. Whorled Bladderioort. 



Upper leaves floating in a whorl of 5 or 6, which are inflated into oblong 

 bladders, but dissected at apex into capillary segments ; lower leaves submerged, 

 very finely dissected into capillary segments, and bearing many little bladders; 

 scape projecting above the water, 4— 6-flowercd ; flowers large, yellow, very 

 irregular, spurred; spur about as long as the corolla, striate, emarginate; upper 

 lip of the corolla broad-ovate, entire i lower 3-lobed. A cnrious aquatic, with 

 irregular, handsome, yellow flowers, and finely dissected leaves. Rather com- 

 mon in ponds. Jid>j — Aug. Per. 



2. U. vulgaris. Common Bladdcrivort. 



Leaves all submerged, crowded, dissected into very numerous, capillary seg- 

 ments, furnished with little bladders ; flowers 5—12, pedicellate, yellow, very 

 showy, alternate ; lower lip nearly as long as the upper one, with a projecting 

 palate striped with brown, which closes the throat; spur conical, obtuse, much 

 shorter than the corolla, A showy aquatic, very common in ponds and stag- 

 nant pools. Scape 4' — 6' above the water. June — Aug. Per. 



3. U. cornnta. Horned Bladderwort. 



Leafless ; scape rooting and scaly at base, 2— T-flowered ; flowers large, close 

 together, deep yellow; pedicels very short ; lower lip of the corolla larger than 

 the obovate upper one, broad, projecting at the centre, and deflexed at the 

 edges, emarginate ; spur subulate, acute, rigid, inclined downwards, as long as 

 the corolla, or longer. Not uncommon in damp, peaty soils, or sandy swamps. 

 3 8' — 12' high. June— July. 



Order LXXV. Orobauchacese. — -Beech- 

 drops-family. 



1. EPIPHifcGUa. 

 Flowers racemose or spicate on the branches; upper ones bar- 

 ren, -with a long, tubular, recurred corolla, and long filaments 

 and style ; lower ones fertile, with a very short corolla, which 

 rarely opens, and with very short stamens and style. Stigma 

 capitate, somewhat 2-lobed. Capsule 2-valved at apex. Per. 



1. E. Yirginiiina. Beechdrojps. 



Stem leafless, branching, angular, purplish-brown; branches slender, vir- 

 gate; flowers alternate, remote, extending the whole length of the branches; 

 corolla of the upper flowers of a whitish color mingled with purple, 4-toothed; 

 upper lip broader than the lower one, emarginate; root a round, scaly ball, 

 covered with short, stiff, projecting fibres. A parasitic plant, attaching itself to 

 the roots of the Beech and other trees. Stem 8'— 12' high, furnished with a few 

 scales instead of leaves. Woods. Aug. — Sept. 



2. APHf LLON. 

 Flowers perfect, solitary, bractless. Calyx 5-cleft, regular. 

 Corolla subbilabiate, with a long, curved tube, and a spreading 

 border; upper lip 2-eleft; lower lip 3-cleft; stamens included. 

 Stigma 2-cleft. Capsule ovoid, acute, 2-valved, many-seeded. 

 Per. 



1. A. uniflorum. One-jiowered Broomrape. 



Scapes 1-flowered, naked, often clustered; flowers ye]lowi--]i-white, tinged 

 and bordered with purple, with 2 tufts of yellow down in the throat. A hairy, 

 leafless plant, with a short, often subterranean stem, sending up one or more 

 terete, simple scapes, 3'— 6' high. Woods and thickets. Common. May— 

 June. 



Order LXXVI. Bignoniacese. — Oatdlpa- 

 family. 



1. TjfeCOMA. 



Calyx campanulate, 5-toothed. Corolla funnel-form, dilated 

 at the throat, with a 5-lobed limb, somewhat bilabiate. Stamens 

 4, didynamous. Capsule long and narrow, 2-celled, 2-valved. 

 Seeds winged. Climbing shrubs. 



1. T. radicans. TruT/ipet Creeper. 



Stem woody, climbing by means of rootlets ; leaves pinnate ; leaflets 5 — 11, 

 ovate, acuminate, dentate, somewhat puberulent beneath ; flowers corymbed 

 corolla large, 2' — 3' long, orange and scarlet, very showy; stamens included. A 

 splendid climber, native in Penn. and southward; often cultivated. July — Aug. 



2. CATALPA. 



Calyx 2-lipped. Corolla campanulate ; tube inflated ; limb 

 irregular, undulate, 4 — 5-cleft. Stamens 5, 2 only usually have 

 anthers. Stigma 2-lipped. Capsule long and slender, 2-celled. 



1. C. biguonioides. 



Catalpa. 



Leaves cordate, or ovate-cordate, acuminate, entire, opposite, or in threes, 

 petiolate, downy beneath; flowers in compound panicles, white, tinged and 

 spotted with purple and yellow, large and showy; calyx teeth mucronate; cap- 

 sule cylindric, pendent, 6' — 12' long. A noble tree, common in cultivation. 

 June — Jul]/. 



Orber LXXVIII. Scropliulariacese. — 



I^lg wort family. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENERA. 



SuBOKDEK I. AntirrhinidefG. 



Upper lip, or upper lobes of the corolla inclosing the lobes cf the lower lip 

 in the bud. 



* Upper leaves alternate* 



1. YbrbIscttm. Corolla nearly regular, with 5 slightly unequal segments. 

 Stamens 5, perfect. 



2. LiNARiA. Corolla personate; tube inflated, spurred behind. 



3. ANTiuEniNUM. Corolla personate ; tube gibbous, not spurred behind. 



* * Leaves all opposite. 



4. ScROPnuLAEiA. Corolla tube subglobose ; limb bilabiate. Upper lip with 

 4 erect lobes; lower lips spreading. 



5. Chel6ne. Corolla tubular, inflated, bilabiate. Anthers woolly. Seeds 

 winged. 



6. MiMTjLUB. Corolla ringent Lower lip with a prominent palate. Fer'AIe 

 stamens 4. • 



7. GkatIola.. Corolla bilabiate. Fertile stamens 2. Sterile filaments 2, 

 simple included, sometimes wanting. 



8. Ilysantites. Corolla bilabiate. Fertile stamens 2. Sterile filaments 2, 

 forked, inserted in the throat of the corolla. 



Suborder II. Ehinantliideaa. 

 Lower lip, or lower lobes of the corolla coveilng the upper ones in the bud. 



* Corolla ^vitli spreading:, nearly equal lobes. 



9. Digitalis. Corolla tubular-campanulace, ventricose. Leaves alternate. 



10. Veii6ntca. Corolla 4-parted. Stamens 2. 



11. Geeaedia. Corolla tubular, swelling above, with 5 more or loss unequal 

 lobes. Stamens 4. 



* * Corolla bilabiate. 



12. *Ca6tilleja. Flowers inclosed in colored bracts. Lower lip of the co- 

 rolla very short ^ 



13. Pediotjlaris. Flowers in dense spikes. Calyx tabular, 2— 5-tootbed. 

 Lower lip of the corolla spreading. 



14. Melawpykum. Calyx companulate, with 4 mucronate teeth. Upper 

 lip of the corolla slaorter than the lower lip. 



1. TEEBASCUM. 

 Calyx 5-parted. Corolla rotate, -with 5 nearly equal lobes. 

 Stamens 6, all perfect, declinate. Capsule globose or ovoid, raany- 

 eeeded. An. 



1. Y. Th4psus. Midlcin. 



Plant densely woolly throughout; stem tall, rigidly erect, usually simple; 

 leaves decurrent, oblong, acute; flowers yellow, in a long, den^e, terminal, 

 cylindrical spike; two lower stamens usually beardless. A very conspicuous 

 plant, 4—7 ft. high, found every where jn neglected flelds, and along road-sides 

 Introduced. Ju/ne — Aug. 



