OUR ACQUAINTANCE WITH ANTHROPOID APES. 3 



may also be intended, which is swifter and more 

 agile, when in an upright position, than the orang- 

 utan. 



Subsequent to the remote period which we have 

 cited, there is a long silence respecting these re- 

 markable animals. Only at the time when 

 Portugal became subject to the power of Spain, we 

 hear somel^ing aboutthem from Congo and Angola. 

 The sailor Eduardo Lopez gave an account of the 

 chimpanzee, which was published by Pigafetta in 

 1598 (5). There are later accounts of very large 

 apes in the writings of Pedro da Cintra (6), Father 

 Merolla of Sorrento (7), Froger (8), and William 

 Smith (9). 



Smith gives a representation of the chimpanzee 

 under the erroneous name of the mandril {Gyno- 

 cephalus Maimon). The illustration is bad, but 

 it may be recognized by his description. In 1641 

 the Dutch anatomist N. van Tulpe (Tulpius) gave 

 a better illustration of this anthropoid (10). This 

 naturalist observed that the animal in question. 

 Homo sylvestris or orang-utan (Satyrus indicus), is 

 called quojas morrou by the Africans. An 

 anatomical description of the chimpanzee, which is 

 still of great value, was given by Tyson in 1699 

 (11). The anatomical illustrations included in this 

 work are remarkably well executed for that time. 



Our biological acquaintance with the West 

 African anthropoids is considerably increased by 

 the account given in the sixteenth century by 

 the adventurer Battel, of Leigh, in Essex. This 

 man passed through the forests of Lower Guinea, as 



