t)* ANTHROPOID APES. 



and the greater wing of the sphenoid, with which it 

 is sometimes completely welded. In this case there 

 is, above the os epiptericum, a direct connection 

 between the temporal and frontal bones by means 

 of the frontal process (Virchow's processus frontalis 

 squamse temporalis), which is not rare in anthro- 

 poids.* This process often owes its origin to the 

 OS epiptericum, which is in its early stages attached 

 to the temporal bone. I shall have to refer again 

 to this frontal process. 



The orbits are more rounded in young than in 

 aged skulls ; in the latter they are always angular, 

 although the angles, especially the upper and 

 external angles, may be more or less blunted. 

 Virchow remarks that in the skull of a very young 

 gorilla the height of the orbit exceeds its width, 

 and that at that age the skull is therefore high, 

 In the aged male gorilla the height of the orbit, 

 according to the several measurements I have taken, 

 varies between 39 to 52 mm., and the width between 

 37 to 45 mm. 



The rest of the skeleton of the aged male gorilla 

 corresponds in its powerful and massive form with 

 the general structure of the body, which is remark- 

 able for its height and strength (see Fig. 16). In 



* Virohow, Ueler einige Merkmale niederer Menschenrassen am 

 Schadel, p. 41 : Berlin, 1875. Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologie, xii. 23 : 

 1880. Monatslericht der Koniglichen Ahademie der Wissen- 

 echaften zu Berlin, p. 523 : 1880. The os epiptericum may be 

 obserTsd in cranium No. 92 of the Paris collection. It is plainly 

 seen in Fig. 4, p. 127, in Darwinismus und Thierproduction 

 (Munich, 1876), in which I refer to this skull. See alBO Bisohoff, 

 Schiidelu-erk. 



