162 ANTHROPOID APES. 



texture extends from the second to the fourth, and 

 a lower with three digitations from the fourth to the 

 seventh ribs. This second lower portion is sometimes 

 absent. I have seen the upper portion attached to 

 the coracoid process of the scapula, and the lower 

 portion to the ridge of the greater tuberosity of the 

 humerus. In the orang an upper portion, separable 

 into three digitations, extends from the second to 

 the fifth ribs, and is attached to the coracoid process. 

 A lower portion, also separable into three digitations, 

 extends from the fifth to the seventh ribs, and is 

 also attached either to the greater tuberosity of the 

 humerus or to its edge ; this latter portion projects 

 below over the pectoralis major. In the gibbon 

 (Rylobates albimanus), the upper portion starts from 

 the second, the lower from the third to the fifth 

 ribs. It may here be remarked that the pectoralis 

 minor is in man also sometimes separable into digita- 

 tions, which may be connected both with the cora- 

 coid process and with the capsular ligament of the 

 shoulder-joint. In anthropoids the tendon of inser- 

 tion of this muscle is remarkably slender. 



According to Duvernoy, in the gorilla a fibrous, 

 hood-like fascia covers the whole region of the occi- 

 put and neck. In adult males this fascia is 20 mm. 

 in thickness. In a female dissected by me the rudi- 

 ments of a similar hood-like cervical fascia were 

 present. Duvernoy is justified in supposing that 

 this is not yet developed in the young gorilla, and 

 that a layer of connective tissue and fat is substi- 

 tuted for it. In a young gorilla I saw the trapezius 

 divided into distinct bundles of flesh by layers of 



