SUMMARY. 293 



races reject such ideas with self-conscious pride, I 

 may add that civilized men are revolted by the prover- 

 bial ugliness of apes, and therefore reject with abhor- 

 rence any admission of actual relationship with them. 

 We must, however, remember that men are by no 

 means generally endowed with physical beauty, and 

 especially with beauty of feature. Among all nations 

 we find individuals whose ugliness is little inferior 

 to that of anthropoids, and which sometimes even 

 exceeds it. A claim to a widely diffused physical 

 beauty may be made by the peoples of classical 

 antiquity; by the Teutonic, Eoumanian, and Slav 

 races ; by the Circassians, Armenians, Tartars, Turks, 

 Senites, Berbers, Bedja ; and by some of the Indians, 

 Polynesians, American Indians, and negroes : but 

 such attractions are rare among other peoples of the 

 world, such as the Mongols, the majority of negroes, 

 Papuans, Guaranis, and Malays. We have already 

 shown that among some of the lower races it is 

 impossible not to recognize a purely external and 

 physical approximation to the simian type. 



Some men, again, altogether on psychical grounds, 

 shrink from admitting any relationship between 

 men and apes, since the mental organization of the 

 former seems to them to be allied by no connecting- 

 link with the anthropoids of which they think so 

 meanly. Yet it should not be forgotten that the 

 modes of living in degraded races differ little from 

 those of anthropoids. I may here refer to what 

 I have said of the Australian aborigines, whose 

 brutal instincts demand our whole attention when 

 we undertake such comparisons. A horde of Bote- 



