SUMMARY. 297 



rebel ; yet, even to the end of his life, he has de- 

 veloped qualities and conditions which recall to 

 him better times. We see an example of this in 

 some of the civilized Maoris who afterwards joined 

 the revolted tribes, and who introduced among their 

 countrymen the strength of a firmer organization 

 against the English supremacy. The bearing of 

 these relapsed savages always has in it something 

 higher than we can trace in the savage obstinacy 

 of a morose old chimpanzee or orang. 



Nor have the attempts to educate savages been 

 uniformly unsuccessful. The great Indian chief 

 Tekumseh; the presidents Benito Juarez, and Ramon 

 Castilla ; the negro Toussaint I'Ouverture; theHova 

 king, Eadama I. ; the Polynesian rulers, Kameha- 

 meha II., Pomare I., Georges, and Kokabau, show 

 what may be made of such materials under favour- 

 able circumstances. The poor Indian from Oaxaca ; 

 the steadfast leader Perus, who belonged to a needy 

 Arriero family ; the Haytian who was formerly driver 

 on a plantation, are as far removed from aboriginal 

 savages as the Malagasy and Polynesians educated 

 by European missionaries. 



It is well known that nations, in the earliest 

 periods of their existence, have to pass through 

 certain rude conditions of their development, and 

 the most highly civilized nations are not exempt 

 from this law. The transition period of the Stone 

 Age is necessary for all, and with the use of metals 

 a higher and more cultivated life has been gradually 

 developed. Even for those who do not recognize 

 any sharp line of demarcation between the stone 



