VARIOUS GRAINS, MEALS, AND BY-PRODUCTS 171 



Ground wheat showed an advantage of only about 81/^ per cent 

 over ground buckwheat, and the wheat mixture an advantage 

 of 6^/2 per cent over the buckwheat mixture. 



Emmer. — This grain is commonly known as " spelt " or 

 " speltz." Genuine spelt is a distinct plant, possessing general 

 characters similar to emmer, but is a smaller yielder and 

 possesses about ten per cent more hull than emmer. 



The South Dakota Station reports one experiment with 

 emmer, under the name of " speltz." One lot of hogs was 

 fed whole emmer, one ground emmer, and one emmer and 

 corn. Whole emmer required 771 pounds of feed for 100 

 pounds of gain, ground emmer 826 pounds, and emmer and 

 com 529 pounds. It will be seen that a marked improve- 

 ment was effected when com was added to the emmer. Appar- 

 ently emmer has too much hull or husk (about 21 per cent) 

 to make a first-class hog feed. Its rational use would be for 

 mixing with concentrated, heavy meals to give more bulk to 

 the ration. 



Millet Seed. — The South Dakota Station (Bulletin 83) 

 reports a comparison of millet seed with barley and wheat. 

 The authors of the bulletin state that millet seed can be 

 grown profitably as a fattening ration for swine, but it does 

 not furnish as good a ration as barley or wheat. It is also 

 stated that it required one-fifth more millet than it did barley 

 meal, and a trifle more barley meal than it did wheat to 

 make a pound of gain, and that a bushel of 56 pounds of 

 millet seed is equal to a bushel of 48 pounds of barley for 

 hog feed. Millet meal produced a softer quality of fat than 

 did either barley or wheat meal. 



Beans. — Beans are best thoroughly cooked before they are 

 fed to swine. Bulletin 243 of the Michigan Experiment 

 Station reports results from feeding cull beans to growing pigs 



