182 PRAGTIGAL -ARBORICULTL ORE 
below the surface, while annual crops, cereals, grasses, tubers, etc., must have a 
soil already fertile upon the surface. Hence the trees are essential to prepare the 
soil and make it fertile before these surface-feeding plants can make successful 
growth. 
MANUFACTURES. . 
Another problem is, how to continue and increase the manufacturing indus- 
tries of the State. These. to a large degree, are now confined to the lumbering 
and milling interests. It is well known that a very large sum of money is brought 
into and expended in the State from the sale of lumber products. It is claimed 
in Oregon that $7 is paid to the labor of that State for every thousand feet of lum- 
ber sold. It is probably not any less here. The great wealth of modern nations 
lies in their manufactures. The aim of the great nations of earth is to protect to 
the utmost the trade of their manufactures, and in this their armies and navies 
and their consular departments are employed. This is also true of the various 
manufacturing localities of this country, whose interests are guarded with zealous 
care by this nation. 
The wood in the forests, possessing but trifling value, and unappreciated in its 
locality, is, by manufacture, the use of capital and employment of labor, wrought 
into the articles required and made available for the uses of man. This is pro- 
ductive of an income for every individual employed, and returns an interest upon 
the capital invested, besides affording a regular revenue for the support of the 
State. 
At the rate of cutting and the small increase in young trees, it can be but a 
few years until this line of manufactures must cease entirely for want of timber. 
Less than twenty vears will see the end, not only in Florida, but throughout the 
South. The destruction by fires of the young timber is rapidly bringing about this 
condition of affairs. 
Take away the materials by the destruction of the forests, and manufactures 
must cease. Labor in enforced idleness produces no income, supports no families, 
pays no merchants’ bills. 
Without the forests and manufactures, transportation derives no benefit. while 
the State must devise other means of producing a revenue, which, of necessity, 
must be greatly reduced. 
Reverse the case, increase the forest area and wealth, the result will be a re- 
turn to the manufacturing of lumber and all the articles of which wood forms the 
base. Labor will have continuous employment, which will insure prompt payment 
to the merchants, who supply families with all their necessities, and the wheels of 
progress will again move steadily forward. 
NAVAL STORES. 
Paint and varnish are greatly in demand. The amount consumed is enor- 
mous. The call for turpentine and resin is continuous. How will the call be 
answered a very few vears hence? 
The little appreciation of the pine forests and the increasing demand for naval 
stores make the temptation irresistible to box every pine tree, however small. 
