266 PRACTICAL ARBORICULTURE 
I give the following estimate of cost and profit, as from ARBORICULTURE: 
“The cost of planting will vary according to local conditions. The land 
should be such as would produce a fair crop of corn: 
ESTIMATE PER ACRE. 
ValitemOr lands Usa yess seas hce ant ea nyse /areunnuvnanenenn ce at ear $20.00 
Prepartmgy st he: Vain dssis esc, eels barca, lec n yore encarta pea Matin feces 5.00 
Bight hundred and ‘eighty trees acs cnddessscemmaedea ees: 8.00 
Labor -planting-and <ctltivatne...0. co. nc citeseeee aes 5.00 
INGeres Gig ht earsna da tiectuset tevin ans Brae wey minted 12.16 
$50.16 
“At eight years three-fourths of the trees should be removed, ijeaving 
permanent trees 16x16 feet, or 170 per acre. 
“Each tree removed will supply two first-class posts worth Io cents each. 
“Five hundred and ten trees removed make 1,020 posts, worth $100, 
being original cost with total expenses, leaving the plantation fully paid, 
including twenty years’ interest and taxes. 
“The remaining 170 trees will, by twentieth year, produce 850 cross-ties 
worth, at 60 cents, $510, or 250 feet lumber per tree, 42,000 feet b. m., which, 
at $20 per 1,000, 1s $850. 
“The value of the land having been greatly improved, and a permanent 
income insured from the continued growths (as the trees are quickly 
renewed from the stumps), equal to a capital investment of $1,000 at 8 per 
cent interest.” 
The greatest difficulty to be encountered in beginning a plantation is in 
obtaining pure seed. The following quotation, also from ARBORICULTURE, bear- 
ing upon this point, is of interest: 
“The Southern Catalpa is much branched, of low, scrubby growth, and so 
far as known has no value in the arts. Asa flowering, bushy tree, it has been 
largely distributed, and is now found in every part of the world. The enor- 
mous quantity of seed produced, together with the ease with which the seed 
are collected, from low spreading trees, has caused thousands of pounds of 
this worthless seed to be distributed throughout Europe as well as America. 
“One prominent seed house in the West, some years ago, collected one 
thousand pounds of this Southern seed and sold it as speciosa, distributing this 
inferior tree to every part of the United States. Another prominent seed 
house of an Eastern city sent out a quantity of the seed labeled C. speciosa, 
the present year, a sample of which seed is held by Arnoricutture. Not one 
seed of this lot is speciosa, but both the Japanese dwarf, C. kempferii and C. 
bignonioides comprise the lot. When such gross carelessness, if not crimin- 
ality, exists among seed houses professing eminent respectability, the public 
must suffer. 
“The greatest difficulty which this Society has to contend with is the 
erroneous estimate placed upon the Catalpa by the great number of people 
