PRACTICAL ARBORICULTURE 385 
ward and back in the row. This avoids the necessity of digging holes with shov- 
els. Fifty men were at work carrying the plants, distributing them in the rows 
and covering the roots or planting. : 
An engine and a half dozen cars were employed transporting and boarding 
the workmen. An average of one thousand trees were planted per day for each 
man employed. 
On June I we received report from the plantation that seasonable rains had 
fallen and that practically all the trees were growing. 
An additional five hundred acres has been selected in Mississippi which is 
being prepared and will also be planted this season. The trees will be planted 
7x7 feet, requiring 1,332,000 trees. 
With the abundant rainfall, prolonged period of growth with so long a season 
of warm weather and in a sandy soil, tree growth is far greater than in the North- 
ern States, the average growth of the Catalpa speciosa being two inches in diam- 
eter per annum in this region. 
Carney’s, where this tract is located, was not selected because of any special 
advantage over other Southern soil, but as a fair example of the average cut over 
pine lands of Alabama, it being a tract which bordered on the railway and could 
be purchased at a reasonable price. 
The magnificent water oaks about the home of Captain J. A. Carney are char- 
acteristic of the trees and tree growth of the Gulf States. The sarracenta (pitch- 
er plant), which grows in the bog meadows so very abundantly, is a very beauti- 
ful plant. Almost any tree will grow in this portion of Alabama. There are 
very good specimens of black walnut, which in good soil here grows very quickly. 
So also the black locust on rougher and dryer ground. 
Some very good post oak trees are scattered through the hills, but it is of 
rather slow growth. 
The long-leaf yellow pine is the natural timber of the country, and many 
young groves are coming in where the large timber has been cut out, so long as 
fires are not allowed to destroy them. 
The Louisville and Nashville Railway Company have made several planta- 
tions of trees this season, at points along the line of the road. 
A quantity of walnuts have been planted in Kentucky, and upon some rot real 
hills, black locust has been used; 100,000 of these were planted. Ten locations 
were selected for Catalpa speciosa, and 150,000 trees have been planted at these 
points. 
In the North, tracts have been planted at East St. Louis, Eldorado and Shaw- 
neetown, Illinois, and at Newport, Kentucky, near the mouth of Licking river. 
Where the right of way has exceeded 150 feet, a few locations were planted 
on the outer edge of the track line, more particularly for experimental observation. 
The principal quantity of trees were planted in forest form in order that the 
trees might mutually protect one another. 
Fifty acres at Goulding, a suburb of Pensacola, the soil of pure sand, with 
a sand subsoil for probably thirty feet. The land was covered with a low growth 
of scrub oak, black jack. A part of the land had been in cultivation, LeConte 
pears occupying a large area. These pear trees have made a splendid wood 
