BITCH SPAYING 



193 



iug the operator must be familiar with tlie anatomy of the organs and the 

 parts involved. 



Tulva — The vulva has tliiek labia whieh form a pointed inferior eom- 

 missure. 



Vagina — The vagina is tubular in form tUid relatively long, its walls 



Fig. 1S6— A practical mode of restraint for spaying. The subject sliown is under 



complete anesthesia. 



are thick, consisting principally of circular muscular fibers. It is closely 

 related to the rectum above and the bladder below. 



j/^erMS— The body of the uterus is exceedingly short, rarely exceeding 

 (aie inch in length. Its two cornua (horns) are long, and their diameters 

 small. They vary in length from two to eight inches, according to the 

 size of the bitch. They lie loosely inside the abdominal cavity, closely asso- 



