104 THE TREND OF THE RACE 
considered, on the whole, to have a fair amount of accuracy. 
Various physical measurements of the children were also taken, 
so that it was possible to compare the resemblance of the children 
in mental characteristics with their resemblance in physical 
characters. The correlations between brother and brother, sister 
and sister, and sister and brother for various physical characteris- 
tics averaged about .5. The fraternal correlations in mental and 
moral characteristics are expressed in the following table: 
Resemblance of Siblings in Mental Traits 
Brothers 
Brothers Sisters and 
Sisters 
Veracity........0 0 fee. eee. 47 43 -49 
Assertiveness. ............... 53 44 52 
Introspection. ............... 59 47 63 
Popularity............... Bei 50 aS] -49 
Conscientiousness.. ......... 59 64 63 
PeMpPely nscouvevescyeweleeg 51 49 51 
ADIN bys eats eae soe Rewese Oe .40 47 44 
Handwriting................ 253 .56 48 
Mean sae sac perscrd Gen ton eae: 52 51 52 
It is certainly remarkable that siblings should not only resemble 
one another in several mental and moral traits to so nearly the 
same degree, but that the degree of resemblance should be just 
about the same for both mental and physical traits. If the fra- 
ternal correlation for mental ability or temper is about the same 
as the fraternal correlation for eye color and cephalic index 
(characters not sensibly influenced by the environment) we must 
conclude, as Pearson argues, that correlations in these mental 
characteristics are due mainly to inheritance. Of course associa- 
tion, similarity of home environment, and common training may 
tend to increase these correlations. Ifa favorable home environ- 
