THE DECLINING BIRTH RATE 135 
Fertility of Classes in Scotland According to Occupation 
Grol ers sais s Saeko ais wise Sa ete aoa 7.04 
MInGSS os. onard acouate sat San Boss 7.01 
Agricultural laborers................. 6.42 
General laborers................000. 6.29 
Ministerse onc baceeucn owes wire: A383 
Advertisers and solicitors............. 3.92 
Physicians and surgeons.............. 3-91 
The marriages considered are naturally more fertile than the 
average, but they show the difference in the fertility of people of 
different stations. 
A good deal of interesting data has been collected in the last 
few years concerning the dwindling families of college graduates, 
and the general conclusion quite uniformly arrived at, and one 
from which the data leave no opportunity for escaping, is that the 
college-bred elements of the population are not nearly reproducing 
themselves. Several years ago President Elliott pointed with 
alarm to the low birth rate of the graduates of Harvard Univer- 
sity. J. C. Phillips, in the Harvard Graduates Magazine for 
September, 1916, has presented a detailed study of the birth rates 
of Harvard and Yale graduates. Taking the records of classes not 
later than 1890, to insure dealing mainly with completed families, 
he finds that about 25 per cent of the Harvard graduates never 
marry; of those who do, 21 per cent are childless, and that more 
than three children to a family is a rare occurrence. The decline 
of the birth rate in Harvard and Yale is shown in the following 
table: 
