250 THE TREND OF THE RACE 
the cross between a white man and a negro is a negro, the cross 
between a white man and a Hindu is a Hindu, and the cross be- 
tween any of the three European races and a Jew is a Jew.” 
The unfortunate cross breed has come in for condemnation 
from all quarters. The favorite description is that the mongrel 
inherits the vices of both parents and the virtues of neither. Ac- 
cording to Schultz, it is according to a “law of nature,”—although 
why it is so is inexplicable,—that ‘‘only the bad qualities of the 
whites and the negro are transmitted to the mongrel offspring.” 
Certainly the results of hybridization in plants and animals are 
very far from proving Schultz’s thesis. And it is rather surprising 
that a writer who appeals to biology as affording a support to his 
views on race mixture should have ignored so much that fails to 
corroborate his theory. It is nonsense to say that the inferiority 
of the hybrid exemplifies a law of nature. There are abundant 
plant and animal hybrids that are superior types, and biology af- 
fords no a priori reason why the hybrids of races and peoples 
may not be superior also. We can only decide the question by an 
impartial appeal to the results of race crossing, after making 
due allowance for the social and other influences which may affect 
the character of the mixed stock. 
That mongrel nations are often decadent is not an infallible 
proof that biologically or psychologically the effect of race cross- 
ing is bad. Mr. James Bryce states in his work on South America, 
—a work which, by the way, gives a verdict quite different from 
that of Schultz on the mixed people of that country,—‘‘ No one 
has yet studied scientifically the results of race fusion. History 
throws little light on the subject, because wherever there has been 
a mixture of races there have been also concomitant circum- 
stances influencing the people who are the product of the mixture 
which have made it hard to determine whether the deterioration 
(or improvement) is due to this or some other cause.” 
Mr. Bryce is no apologist for miscegenation and he has else- 
where warned the American people of the danger of absorbing the 
blood of the negro. Race crossing may have unfortunate social 
consequences without being bad biologically. As Topinard has 
