262 THE TREND OF THE RACE 
of bi-racial ancestry. . . . In all times in the history of the American 
Negro and in all fields of human effort in which the Negroes have 
entered, the successful individuals, with very few exceptions, have 
been mulattoes. ... 
In South Africa the mulattoes are on a distinctly higher cultural 
level than are the natives of unmixed blood. In the British West 
Indies the more cultured mulattoes have been formed into a middle 
class group, separated from and superior to the black peasantry. ... 
In North Brazil the mixed-blood group of Portuguese, Indian and 
Negro ancestry are on a distinctly higher social and intellectual 
plane than are either the Negroes or the native Indians. .. . In the 
Philippines the half-castes of Chinese-Moro, as well as those of Spanish- 
Moro, origin are well in advance, intellectually, of the pure-blood 
natives. Every man in the Filipino group who has risen above 
mediocrity under the Spanish, as under the American, occupancy of 
the islands has been a man of bi-racial ancestry. 
While admitting that the simplest explanation of the superior- 
ity of the mulatto is that it is due to the infusion of a superior 
mental inheritance from the white race, the author holds that this 
does not account for all of the superiority, and attempts to work 
out another interpretation of the results based on the assumption 
that the black and the white races are essentially equal in native 
intelligence. Mulattoes, it is claimed, enjoyed superior advan- 
tages during the period of slavery and afterward, but the chief 
cause of their superiority is the fact that “from the Negro side 
the mulattoes are descended from the best of the race.” 
“The choicest females of the black group became the mothers 
of a race of half-breeds. The female offspring of these mixed 
unions became chosen in turn to serve the pleasure of the superior 
group. By this process of repeated selection of the choice girls of 
the black and mulatto group to become mothers of a new genera- 
tion of mixed-blood individuals, there has been a constant force 
making for the production of a choicer and choicer type of fe- 
male.” Thus a process of marriage selection is instituted which 
the author thinks goes far toward explaining the intellectual 
superiority of the mixed type. 
