370 THE TREND OF THE RACE 
hundred thousand of the population. In 1890 the insane in 
hospitals were 74,028, or 118.2 per hundred thousand. In 1904 
the insane in hospitals had increased to 150,151, or 183.6 per 
hundred thousand, and in 1910 they had further increased to 
187,791, or 204.2 per hundred thousand. 
In the census enumerations for 1880 and 1890 an effort was 
made to ascertain the number of insane not in hospitals. In 
1880 the number was estimated at 51,017, or 101.7 per hundred 
thousand. The census estimate of 1880 made use of cases re- 
ported by physicians who returned about 17 per cent of the cases 
in addition to those discovered by the census officials. This 
source of information was not made use of in any subsequent 
census, and this fact accounts in part for the reduced number of 
cases outside of hospitals appearing in the census report for 1890. 
Before 1880 there were no separate enumerations of the insane 
in hospitals and outside, but general estimates were made of the 
total number. The numbers per hundred thousand of the popula- 
tion were in 1850, 57.3; in 1860, 76.5; and in 1870, 97.1. 
The proportions of mentally deranged persons reported in 
England and Wales per hundred thousand of the population are 
shown in the following table: 
Number of Insane per 100,000 in England and Wales 
TSSOA186 Fev enn nesaesws 1904—347.I 
TSO0 230. 3s 6 wash od hae IQO5—350.9 
TS7O A275 54.8 4 se bie Rin eh 1906—353.1 
18890 — 206.52. nea wid ede gers 1907—354.8 
18090—329.0s 6000 cece s ev nys 1908— 366.7 
In New Zealand the proportions per hundred thousand were 
reported as follows: 
TS8O 205 Oe jeu be ae IQOI—344.7 
TEQI 298028. eiewsarans 1906—354.1 
T8390 FLL 33 g3.s oss Sass has 
Treland shows an increase from 250 per hundred thousand in 
1875 to 499 per hundred thousand in 1903, while in Scotland the 
