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14 Characters of Coast Regions. 
upper half of the State, but coast influences intrude farther, asa 
rule, because the hills near the coast in southern California are 
low; the high ranges, answering to the Coast Range of the. upper 
part of the State, trending far into the interior. On the coast 
side of these ranges fruits ripen later than in sheltered interior 
points in the upper part of the State, but eastward of them, 
where soil and moisture favor, or irrigation is practised, extra 
early locations have been found. 
, Some of the horticultural effects of the conditions prevail- 
ing on the coast may be described as follows:— 
Late Ripening of Fruits—The late ripening of fruits in most 
parts of southern California has just been mentioned. Intru- 
sion of coast influences has the same effect at the north. 
Directly on the coast, at Pescadero, San Mateo County, for ex- 
ample, fruits ripen about a month later than in Santa Clara 
Valley, which is just across the Coast Range. Napa Valley, 
though about forty miles inland and sheltered by ranges of hills, 
still is sufficiently affected by coast influences to mature fruits 
considerably later than Vaca Valley, ten miles further east, be- 
yond a higher range, which completely bars out these influences. 
In Ventura County, in a cafion sixteen miles from the ocean, 
and at an elevation of sixteen hundred feet, fruits ripen three 
weeks earlier than on the coast or in the valleys opening thereon. 
Failure of Certain Fruits—Though killing frosts are few 
directly on the coast, the deficiency in summer heat and sun- 
shine renders some fruits unsatisfactory. This is especially the 
case in the upper coast region. Grapes and figs ripen imper- 
fectly, while but a short distance back from the coast, in shel- 
tered situations, they do well. Elevation sometimes produces 
corresponding effects. The complete reversal of coast conditions 
by local topography is seen in the Happy Camp region, on the 
west side of Siskiyou County, and east of the range which is the 
eastern boundary of Del Norte County, the extreme north coast 
county of the State. Happy Camp is in a warm belt, at an ele- 
vation where peaches, apricots, and nectarines do well if irri- 
gated. The apricot at that latitude in ordinary situations is a 
failure, as it also is for.a certain distance farther south along the 
coast. a 
Pests and Diseases——Certain blights ‘are more prevalent 
under coast conditions. The scab blight of the apple, the curl- 
leaf of the peach, and some other blights, are prevalent on the 
coast and in coast valleys, on the river bottoms in the interior, 
and on the mountains, and less serious, or wholly absent, in the 
hot interior valleys. Some insects prefer the coast, notably the 
black scale, which, with the black smut which attends it, has long 
been a grevious pest of growers of olives and citrus fruits, and 
