84 Treatment of Trees in Nursery. 
PRUNING TREES IN NURSERY. 
As for other treatment of the trees (either from bud or root 
graft) in nursery during the first year, there is some difference of 
opinion and practise. Jf the young tree will be content to make 
a straight switch with good buds in the axils of the leaves, but 
no laterals thrown out, it will be in the best possible shape for 
planting in the orchard, and gives the planter a chance to make 
the head at whatever height suits him, and to secure uniformity 
through the orchard. All trees will not, however, be content 
with this growth, but will push out laterals all along the stem. 
Even in this case some let the whole growth go for the planter 
to treat as he thinks best. Another plan is to go over the nur- 
sery when the young stock is about two feet high and pinch 
back the laterals part way, but retaining the leaves nearest the 
stem to shade the stem. This pinching back is done from the 
ground up to a height of one to one and a half feet, and above 
that the growth is left to take its natural course, to be cut as 
desired when the head of the tree is formed. Pinching back 
develops buds near the stem and gives the planter a better 
chance to head the tree lower if he likes. Another practise 
which prevails to some extent, is to pinch off the terminal bud 
when the young tree has reached a height of about two and a 
half or three feet in the nursery. This soon forces a growth of 
lateral branches, which are in turn pinched after they have grown 
out a couple of feet. The iesult is the formation of a head on a 
nursery tree the first year, and when such trees are planted in 
orchard they are merely cut back on the laterals, leaving the 
head as formed in the nursery. Such trees are difficult to handle 
in packing, and take much room in shipment. * There may, 
however, be an advantage in such practise for the home grower 
if he is situated in parts of the State where the greatest season’s 
growth is attained. Orchard planters generally, however, pre- 
fer a dormant bud or a yearling of moderate growth, without 
laterals. 
CLASSES OF NURSERY STOCKS. 
The several classes of stock which are to be had from nur- 
series are as follows:— 
Root Grafts—These are seedling roots, or pieces of them 
on which scions of the desired variety have been grafted on the 
bench and the junction healed over in the cellar. No growth 
has yet started in the scion. If the tree planter wishes this kind 
of stock, he should plant it out in nursery row in the spring and 
remove the trees to orchard the following winter. 
June Buds.—For the multiplying some desirable varieties 
very fast, buds are kept dormant in a cool place; or, by pinching 
