194 Apples Chiefly Grown in California. 
Those named below have been reported by growers as succeed- 
ing in the localities named with the description, or indicated in 
the table which will follow. The descriptions of the standard 
sorts are, in the main, condensed from Downing,* with local 
notes interpolated when thought necessary. The arrangement 
is, approximately, in the order of ripening. 
Carolina Red June (Southern).—Medium size, oval, irregular, inclined 
to conic; deep red covered with light bloom; stalk in small cavity; calyx 
closed; flesh white, tender, juicy, subacid; core rather large. 
Early Harvest (American).—Medium size, roundish; straw color, with 
few faint white dots; stalk half to three-fourths inch, slender, set in mod- 
erate cavity; calyx in shallow basin; flesh very white, tender, crisp, pleas- 
ant. 
Early Strawberry (New York).—Medium size, roundish, narrowing 
towards the eye; skin smooth, deep red on yellow ground; stalk one anda 
half inches, rather slender and uneven, in deep cavity; calyx small, in 
shallow basin; flesh white, tinged with red next the skin, tender, subacid, 
sprightly. 
Red Astracan (Russian).—Large, roundish; skin deep red, save green- 
ish yellow in the shade; pale white bloom; stalk short, and deeply inserted; 
calyx partially closed and set in slight basin; flesh white, juicy and crisp, 
pleasant acid; tree hardy and vigorous, and an early bearer. The main 
reliance in California for an early apple. 
White Astracag (Russian).—Large, roundish; skin smooth and nearly 
white, with faint streaks of red, and covered with white bloom; flesh white. 
Considerably grown in the Sacramento Valley for early shipment. 
Duchess of Oldenburg (Risen eee, roundish, oblate; yellow, 
streaked with red; calyx large, nearly closed, set in wide, even hollow; 
flesh juicy, subacid. ; 
Gravenstein (German).—Large, rather flattened; a little one-sided or 
angular; broadest at base; stalk short, strong, deeply set; calyx large, 
closed, in a large basin; skin yellow, freely marked with light and deep red 
and orange; flesh tender, crisp, high-flavored, aromatic; a strong-growing 
and heavily-bearing tree; a standard fall apple in this State. 
Red Bietighetmer (German).—Large to very large, oblate, slightly 
conical, regular; smooth, whitish, or yellowish white, shaded with light and 
dark red, and purplish crimson in the sun; stalk short, rather stout; calyx 
closed in large, deep, slightly corrugated basin; flesh white, firm, juicy, 
brisk subacid. oo ‘ 
Maiden’s Blush (New Jersey).—Rather large, smooth, regular; yellow, 
with evenly shaded red cheek; stalk short, in rather wide, deep hollow; 
calyx closed in moderate depression; flesh white, tender, sprightly. 
Fall Pippin.—Very large, roundish, a little flattened; stalk three-fourths 
inch, projecting considerably beyond the fruit (which distinguishes it from 
the Holland Pippin); calyx open. not very large, rather deeply sunk in 
round, narrow basin; skin smooth, yellowish green, becoming pure yellow; 
brownish blush and few scattered dots; flesh white, tender, mellow, rich, 
aromatic. 
Alexander (Russian) —Very large, showy, conical. greenish yellow, 
streaked with red in shade, bright red in the sun; calyx large, in deep 
basin; stalk slender, long, in deep cavity; flesh yellowish white, crisp, ten- 
der, and juicy. Tree vigorous, but not always a good bearer. 
Twenty-Ounce; syn. Cayuga Red Streak (New York).—Very large, 
roundish, slightly uneven; greenish yellow, boldly splashed and marbled 
* “ Downing’s Fruit and Fruit Trees of America,”’ John Wiley & Sons, New York. 
