304. Long Pruning with Trellis. 
trellis is increasing, especially among growers of Thompson’s 
Seedless, in the interior valley and is also employed in the coast 
valleys for varieties which seem to thrive better when lifted from 
the ground. The engraving shows long pruning with renewal 
5 
Long Pruning with Renewal Spurs and a Trellis. 
short canes trained upon trellis, and an accompanying plate 
shows the trellising of Thompson’s Seedless in a large vineyard 
near Fresno. 
The Chaintre System—This is another method of long 
pruning, which was introduced in California about fifteen years 
ago, but has never been widely adopted. It is of French origin, 
the term en chaintre meaning “trailing chains.” It consists in 
growing long canes, which, when fruiting, are supported upon 
short, forked stakes, so that the clusters hang within a few inches 
of the ground, as shown in the engraving, which represents a 
branch of a chaintre-trained vine in fruit. 
Matcrials Used in Training | ines.—The chief item of cost 
in vine training is the stakes. The best stakes are of California 
redwood, which is exceedingly durable. The cost of four-foot 
The Chaintre System of Long Pruning. 
stakes for short pruning is abuut $12 per thousand and for five 
and six-foot stakes for long pruning about $15 to $18 per thou- 
