Varieties of the Olive. 349 
gether, and in shape themselves resembling the grape. Very prolific. 
Pendulina.—Imported by John Rock from France. This variety_is 
of an even, oval shape, rounded at both ends, quite variable in size, many 
fruits remaining small and undeveloped; pit has small, sharp points often 
at both ends. Fruit grows in clusters of from two to five; the pulp parts 
very readily with its bitterness. Larger and more ovate than Pendou- 
lier. Tree a strong grower; fruit desirable both for oil and pickles. 
Columbella—Imported by John Rock from France. General form, 
broadly oval; very even in size, remarkable for the peculiar pale yellow 
color which all the fruit assumes before turning fully ripe and becoming 
dark purple; pit small; straight and sharp-pointed; the pulp contains 
little bitterness; flavor very rich; ripens late, later than the Broad-leaved 
Mission. Tree hardy in dry places and a prolific bearer. 
Polymorpha.—_Imported by John Rock from France. Very large, 
ovate, oblique, and pointed: light colored; pit square at the base, strongly 
pointed at the apex; flesh firm; ripens very early; fruit grows on strong 
stems in clusters of two or three. Tree not a strong grower, but pro- 
ductive. 
Lucques.—A variety specially adapted for pickling, though producing 
oil of good quality; strong-growing tree and hardy; sometimes shy 
bearer when young; fruit shiny black, curved; product called “Crescent 
Olive.” 
Nevadillo Blanco—Imported by F. Pohndorff . from Spain. Oval, 
slightly ‘oblique, pointed, resembling somewhat a Mission, but is gener- 
ally more elongated in proportion to its diameter than the latter; pit 
small, curved, and generally pointed at both ends; the fruit is borne 
in clusters of three to five; ripening not much earlier than the Mission; 
a fine oil olive, largely planted, but disappointing in some regions as a 
shy bearer and subject to frost injury. 
Oblitza.—Imported by the late N. Milco from Dalmatia; resembles 
the Pendoulier, and may be identical; fine in the San Joaquin Valley and 
pronounced by Geo. C. Roeding, of Fresno, the largest olive so far 
fruited by him; oval, but broad and rounded at both ends; grows in clus- 
ters; tree a good grower, hardy and productive; fruit excellent for 
pickles; ripens in November in the interior—about the same as the Mis- 
sion. 
Sevillano—Recently largely planted as the variety exported from 
Spain as the “Queen olive.” The largest of all olives; only useful for 
pickling; when ripe, bluish black; clingstone. Tree a strong grower, 
leaves deep green, greenish white underneath. Described by Mr. Roed- 
ing as a regular bearer, but requires deep, rich, well-drained soil and 
will not stand much cold. 
The foregoing enumeration and description of varieties is 
only partial and mainly restricted to varieties which have been 
more or less largely planted. Many more have been experi- 
mentally fruited and data are available at the University, as al- 
ready stated. The following are the leading facts as to size, pit, 
and oil contents of the varieties which have been most largely 
planted, and a few others:— 
